Soret and Dufour Effects in the Flow of Williamson Fluid over an Unsteady Stretching Surface with Thermal Radiation

Abstract

This paper looks at the simultaneous effects of heat and mass transfer in the flow of Williamson fluid over an unsteady stretching surface. The effects of thermal radiation and viscous dissipation are considered in an energy equation. Besides, the energy and concentration equations are coupled with the combined effects of Soret and Dufour. The convective conditions for both temperature and mass concentration are employed. The transformation procedure reduces the time-dependent boundary layer equations of momentum, energy, and concentration to the non-linear ordinary differential equations. Through graphs and numerical values, the velocity, temperature, and concentration fields are discussed for different physical parameters. It is found that the thermal and concentration Biot numbers have an increasing impact on both temperature and concentration fields, respectively.

Mutual effects of stratification and mixed convection on Williamson fluid flow under stagnation region towards an inclined cylindrical surface

“…Nadeem and Hussain [15] found series solution of Williamson nanofluid flow over a stretching sheet. Hayat et al [16] also studied Williamson fluid flow analytically using homotopy analysis method in attendance of viscous dissipation, Newtonian Joule heating. Malik and Salahuddin [17] discussed numerical simulation of MHD Williamson fluid flow near stagnation point using RK–Fehlberg method over a stretched cylinder.…”

Entropy Generation and Consequences of Binary Chemical Reaction on MHD Darcy–Forchheimer Williamson Nanofluid Flow Over Non-Linearly Stretching Surface

“…Salahuddin et al [49] reported flow of Williamson fluid over stretching surface using the theory of Cattaneo-Christov for heat and mass transfer developments. Whereas Soret and Dufour effects on Williamson fluid flow was reported by Hayat et al [50] using convective conditions. The results indicate that thermal as well as solute Biot numbers are increasing factors for temperature field.…”

Interaction of magneto-nanoparticles in Williamson fluid flow over convective oscillatory moving surface

“…Since fluid is electrically conducting, so magnetic field is imposed in y direction. The governing equations for this flow problem are expressed as follows [11]:…”

“…Kumar et al [10] provided the numerical expressions of Williamson liquid through suspended particles under non-linear solar radiation aspects. Hayat et al [11] used convective boundary conditions to investigate magnetohydrodynamic flow of Williamson fluid induced by continuously moving surface.…”