Sorafenib in the treatment of thyroid cancer

Abstract

Sorafenib has been evaluated in several Phase II and III studies in patients with locally advanced/metastatic radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid carcinomas (DTCs), reporting partial responses, stabilization of the disease and improvement of progression-free survival. Best responses were observed in lung metastases and minimal responses in bone lesions. On the basis of these studies, sorafenib was approved for the treatment of metastatic DTC in November 2013. Few studies suggested that reduction of thyroglobulin levels, or of average standardized uptake value at the fluorodeoxyglucose-PET, could be helpful for the identification of responding patients; but further studies are needed to confirm these results. Tumor genetic marker levels did not have any prognostic or predictive role in DTC patients.The most common adverse events observed included skin toxicity and gastrointestinal and constitutional symptoms. Encouraging results have also been observed in patients with medullary thyroid cancer. Many studies are ongoing to evaluate the long-term efficacy and tolerability of sorafenib in DTC patients.

Breastfeeding and thyroid cancer risk in women: A dose-response meta-analysis of epidemiological studies

“…In the US alone, about 1,950 subjects will die from thyroid cancer in 2015 [3]. The incidence of thyroid cancer has kept increasing for the last decades [4]. To better understand the etiology is crucial for the disease prevention, risk stratification, and disease treatment.…”

BRAF V600E and Retinoic Acid in Radioiodine-Refractory Papillary Thyroid Cancer

“…There was also no correlation between therapy response and mutational status in the phase-III-studies on Sorafenib and Lenvatinib. It was claimed that neither BRAF nor RAS mutational status were predictive for a benefit in progression-free survival (PFS) in the DECISION trial [3,39]. There was also no benefit in PFS depending on mutational status under Lenvatinib in the SELECT trial [40].…”

Tiroid karsinomlarında kemik metastazlarına yaklaşım ve güncel tedaviler

“…Başlıca hedefleri VEGF, RET, BRAF ve c-Kit olan, çok hedefli tirozin kinaz inhibitörü sorafenib; renal hücreli karsinom ve hepatosellüler karsinomda kullanımına ilaveten, 2013 yılında metastatik tiroid kanserinin tedavisinde onay almıştır. [16] RAİ'ye dirençli tiroid kanseri hastalarında lenf nodu ve akciğer metastazlarına etkisi başarılı gösterilmiş olsa da, mevcut çalışmalar kemik lezyonlarına yönelik etkisinin minimal olduğu yönündedir. [16]…”

“…[16] RAİ'ye dirençli tiroid kanseri hastalarında lenf nodu ve akciğer metastazlarına etkisi başarılı gösterilmiş olsa da, mevcut çalışmalar kemik lezyonlarına yönelik etkisinin minimal olduğu yönündedir. [16]…”