Sonorensin: A new bacteriocin with potential of an anti-biofilm agent and a food biopreservative

Abstract

The emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria has led to exploration of alternative therapeutic agents such as ribosomally synthesized bacterial peptides known as bacteriocins. Biofilms, which are microbial communities that cause serious chronic infections, form environments that enhance antimicrobial resistance. Bacteria in biofilm can be upto thousand times more resistant to antibiotics than the same bacteria circulating in a planktonic state. In this study, sonorensin, predicted to belong to the heterocycloanthracin subfamily of bacteriocins, was found to be effectively killing active and non-multiplying cells of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Sonorensin showed marked inhibition activity against biofilm of Staphylococcus aureus. Fluorescence and electron microscopy suggested that growth inhibition occurred because of increased membrane permeability. Low density polyethylene film coated with sonorensin was found to effectively control the growth of food spoilage bacteria like Listeria monocytogenes and S. aureus. The biopreservative effect of sonorensin coated film showing growth inhibition of spoilage bacteria in chicken meat and tomato samples demonstrated the potential of sonorensin as an alternative to current antibiotics/ preservatives.

Antibacterial Activity, Cytotoxicity, and the Mechanism of Action of Bacteriocin from <b><i>Bacillus subtilis</i></b> GAS101

“…This confirms the observation of the biofilm formation tendency of S. epidermidis to make the eradication more complicated than the inhibition [28]. There are a few reports of bacteriocin activity against biofilm; B. sonorensis has been reported to produce a bacteriocin, sonorensin, with 50% activity against the biofilm of S. aureus [2]. Thus, biofilms are more resistant than planktonic cells towards treatment, as we observed in this study where bacteriocin at 1.44 mg/mL exhibited 85.24% antibiofilm activity versus the > 95% against the planktonic culture of S. epider midis.…”

“…are known for their safe use in the food industry [1]. Some of the main representatives of the Bacillus group, like B. subtilis and B. licheniformis, have been designated as "generally recognized as safe" by the US FDA [2]. Bacillus is a gram-positive, aerobic, and endospore-forming bacterium with rod-shaped morphology, and it is widely distributed [3].…”

Production of Bioactive Peptides from Lactic Acid Bacteria: A Sustainable Approach for Healthier Foods

“…Bacteriocins could inhibit “quorum sensing” and therefore suppressing biofilm formation (Chopra, Singh, Jena, & Sahoo, ; Algburi et al., ); biofilms are polymeric matrix produced by microorganisms more of all related with pathogenic ones and recognized as a public health problematic (Simões, Simoes, & Vieira, ). Once biofilms are established by a microbial community, removing them is more difficult than preventing their formation; bacteriocins could work as a preventive measure for preventing biofilm formation in many industries (Mathur et al., ).…”

Potentiation of antibiotic againstPseudomonas aeruginosabiofilm: a study with plumbagin and gentamicin

“…Coupled with this, the frequent prolonged use of antibiotics aggravates the issue of drug‐tolerant bacteria (Chopra et al . ).…”