Sonographic Depiction of the Fetal Anus and Its Utility in the Diagnosis of Anorectal Malformations

Vijayaraghavan, S. Boopathy; Prema, A. S.; Suganyadevi, Purushothaman

doi:10.7863/jum.2011.30.1.37

Cited by 36 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…An axial plane provides the best view for assessing the fetal perineum and the perianal muscular complex. The perianal muscular complex is seen as a hypoechoic ring surrounding an echoic central area . Absence of the perianal muscular complex after 22 weeks' gestation seems to be a highly sensitive and specific sonographic marker of an anorectal malformation (Figure , C and F) .…”

Section: Item 6: Systematic Analysis Of the Gastrointestinal Tractmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to Explore Fetal Sacral Agenesis Without Open Dysraphism: Key Prenatal Imaging and Clinical Implications

Mottet

Chaussy

Auber

et al. 2018

J of Ultrasound Medicine

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The estimated prevalence of fetal caudal dysgenesis is 1 per 100,000 births. The functional prognosis of sacral agenesis is dominated by the large spectrum of associated caudal malformations. Except for cases associated with hydrocephalus secondary to open spinal dysraphism or chromosomal anomalies, association with mental deficiency is rare. We propose a systematic prenatal approach to cases of fetal sacral agenesis based on 9 etiologic items: clinical context, type of sacral dysgenesis, associated spinal cord malformations, mobility of lower limbs, investigation of the presacral region, analysis of the gastrointestinal tract, analysis of the genitourinary tract, associated vertebral defects, and cytogenetic analysis.

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Section: Item 6: Systematic Analysis Of the Gastrointestinal Tractmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to Explore Fetal Sacral Agenesis Without Open Dysraphism: Key Prenatal Imaging and Clinical Implications

Mottet

Chaussy

Auber

et al. 2018

J of Ultrasound Medicine

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“…Most importantly, the fetal anus should be identified as a hypoechoic ring with an echogenic center (“target sign” by the perianal muscular complex). Absence of this sign is associated with presence of anal atresia and anorectal malformation [15]. Absence of meconium in the distal rectum (normal rectal “cul de sac” filled with meconium) or a rectum with dilation, fluid content, or enteroliths indicates a cloacal malformation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal Diagnosis of Hydro(metro)colpos: A Series of 20 Cases

Mallmann¹,

Reutter²,

Mack-Detlefsen

et al. 2018

Fetal Diagn Ther

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Background: Hydrocolpos and hydrometrocolpos are rare malformations caused by accumulation of secretion due to congenital obstruction of the vagina. Hydro(metro)colpos may be isolated or can be combined with other malformations as part of a syndromic disorder. We report on a series of 20 cases with hydro(metro)colpos diagnosed prenatally, delineate the differential diagnoses, and illustrate the spectrum of associated malformations. Subjects and Methods: This was a retrospective study involving 20 fetuses with hydro(metro)colpos at two large tertiary referral centers in Germany over an 18-year period (2000–2017). Results: The median diagnosis was made at 30⁺⁴ weeks of gestation, the earliest at 20⁺⁶ weeks, the latest at 37⁺² weeks. All 20 fetuses presented with the typical cystic structure behind the fetal bladder. Additional malformations included urogenital malformations, hexadactyly, and heart defects. Postnatal follow-up revealed that hydro(metro)colpos was associated with anorectal malformation in 11/20 fetuses, McKusick-Kaufman syndrome or Bardet-Biedl syndrome in 4/20 fe tuses, Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome in 3/20 fetuses, and Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome in 1/20. In 1 fetus pressure from an intraabdominal teratoma resulted in prenatal hydro(metro)colpos. Conclusion: Hydro(me tro)colpos is a rare prenatal sonographic feature. Multidisciplinary prenatal counseling should include all potential syndromes that can present with hydro(metro)colpos in the prenatal setting.

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“…Geçmişte anorektal atrezi tanısı, kolon dilatasyonu veya kalsifiye mekonyum gibi indirekt bulgulara dayandığından prenatal saptanma oranı %8 ile %16 arasında [18,19] bildirilirken gü-nümüzde yüksek rezolüsyonlu US cihazlarının kullanımı ile fetal perinenin ayrıntılı incelenmesi sonucunda oldukça başarılı sonuçlar elde edilmeye başlanmıştır [20][21][22]. Ultrasonografide aksiyel planda normal anal sfinkter, anal kanal mukozasına ait hiperekojen halka ve çevresinde hipokoik perianal muskuler kompleksten oluşan "hedef işareti" görünümü verir (Resim 5).…”

Section: Anorektal Atrezilerunclassified

“…Ultrasonografide aksiyel planda normal anal sfinkter, anal kanal mukozasına ait hiperekojen halka ve çevresinde hipokoik perianal muskuler kompleksten oluşan "hedef işareti" görünümü verir (Resim 5). Bu görünümün izlenmemesi anal atrezi açısından yüksek oranda tanı koydurucudur [21]. A B…”

Section: Anorektal Atrezilerunclassified

Fetal Abdominal Anomaliler

Cansu¹

2017

Trd Sem

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GİRİŞFetal abdominal anomaliler ayrıntılı ultrasonografik (US) inceleme sırasında sık karşılaşılmakta olup US incelemenin duyarlılığı değerlendirilen sisteme ve anomalinin şidde-tine göre değişkenlik göstermektedir. Rutin obstetrik US performansını değerlendiren en kapsamlı araştırmalardan Eurofetus çalışma-sında, gastrointestinal sistem anomalilerinde US'nin duyarlılığı %54 iken, üriner sistemde %89 olarak tespit edilmiştir [1]. Gebelik haftasına göre normal fetal abdominal organların US görüntülerinin bilinmesi gelişimsel anomalilerin tanımlanması açısından büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu bölümde fetal karın duvarı, gastrointestinal sistem ve üriner sistem organlarının normal US özellikleri ve anomalileri ayrı başlıklar altında anlatılacaktır.

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Sonographic Depiction of the Fetal Anus and Its Utility in the Diagnosis of Anorectal Malformations

Abstract: The anus is visible on a tangential scan of the fetal perineum. It can be seen routinely during an anomaly scan to diagnose or rule out anal atresia.

Cited by 36 publications

References 7 publications

How to Explore Fetal Sacral Agenesis Without Open Dysraphism: Key Prenatal Imaging and Clinical Implications

How to Explore Fetal Sacral Agenesis Without Open Dysraphism: Key Prenatal Imaging and Clinical Implications

Prenatal Diagnosis of Hydro(metro)colpos: A Series of 20 Cases

Fetal Abdominal Anomaliler

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