Sonochemical Synthesis of Mesoporous Titanium Oxide with Wormhole-like Framework Structures

Wang, Y.; Tang, Xianghai; Yin, Lunxiang; Huang, Wei‐Ping; Hacohen, Y. Rosenfeld; Gedanken, Aharon

doi:10.1002/1521-4095(200008)12:16<1183::aid-adma1183>3.0.co;2-x

Cited by 246 publications

(181 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…[15,16] Little work has been devoted to understanding the mode of formation of mesoporous titania [17±19] and elucidating the differences with respect to nanocrystalline titania. Much work has also been devoted to ways of templating mesoporous titania with supramolecular assemblies, based on surfactants and amphiphilic block-copolymers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Solventless Acid‐Free Synthesis of Mesostructured Titania: Nanovessels for Metal Complexes and Metal Nanoclusters

Dag¹,

Soten

Çelik

et al. 2003

Adv Funct Materials

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A new and highly reproducible method to obtain mesostructured titania materials is introduced in this contribution. The mesostructured titania is obtained by employing self‐assembled structures of non‐ionic alkyl‐poly(ethylene oxide) surfactants as templates. The materials are produced without additional solvents such as alcohols, or even water. Only the titanium(IV) ethoxide and the surfactant (C12EO10) are needed. Water, in the form of that attached to the surfactant and from the atmosphere, induces growth of titania nanoclusters in the synthesis sol. It is indicated that these nanoclusters interact with the surfactant EO‐head groups to form a new titanotropic amphiphile. The new amphiphiles self‐assemble into titanium nanocluster–surfactant hybrid lyotropic phases, which are transformed to the final mesostructured materials by further condensation of the titania network. The titania materials can be obtained also with noble‐metal particles immobilized in the mesostructured framework. It is seen that when different metal salts are used as the metal precursors, different interactions with the titania walls are found. The materials are characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), polarization optical microscopy (POM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV‐vis spectroscopy, and micro‐Raman analysis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Solventless Acid‐Free Synthesis of Mesostructured Titania: Nanovessels for Metal Complexes and Metal Nanoclusters

Dag¹,

Soten

Çelik

et al. 2003

Adv Funct Materials

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“…12 Similar low-angle XRD (SAXRD) patterns were previously observed on meso-TiO 2 synthesized via organic amine surfactant templates, [24][25][26] though the SAXRD peaks disappeared due to structure collapse above 300 C. The stronger SAXRD pattern of SE-meso-TON suggests that it is more resistant to sintering than SG-meso-TON. The high thermal stability of SE-meso-TON promises its great potential for application in photocatalysis and dye sensitized solar cells.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such hierarchical porous architecture of the nanocrystalline TON is highly desired in solar energy conversion. 5,6,12,24,25 Fig . 3A shows the nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms of the SE-meso-TON and SG-meso-TON samples calcined at 450 C. The type-IV isotherm curves of the samples further veried their mesoporous features.…”

Section: 1227mentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced visible-light-driven photocatalytic activity of mesoporous TiO2−xNx derived from the ethylenediamine-based complex

et al. 2013

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A facile solvent evaporation induced self-assembly (SEISA) strategy was developed to synthesize mesoporous N-doped anatase TiO 2 (SE-meso-TON) using a single organic complex precursor derived in situ from titanium butoxide and ethylenediamine in ethanol solution. After the evaporation of ethanol in a fume hood and subsequent calcinations at 450 C, the obtained N-doped TiO 2 (meso-TON)anatase was of finite crystallite size, developed porosity, large surface area (101 m 2 g À1) and extended light absorption in the visible region. This SE-meso-TON also showed superior photocatalytic activity to the SG-meso-TON anatase prepared via sol-gel synthesis. On the basis of characterization results from XRD, XPS, N 2 adsorption-desorption and ESR, the enhanced visible-light-responsive photocatalytic activity of SE-meso-TON was assigned to its developed mesoporosity and reduced oxygen vacancies. IntroductionMotivated by the discovery of the excellent visible-lightresponse of nitrogen-doped TiO 2 (TiO 2Àx N x , hereaer, TON),various nonmetal dopants (e.g. N, C, S, P, and halogen elements) have been extensively attempted to be doped or codoped into the TiO 2 matrix for narrowing its wide bandgap ($3.2 eV) and thus harvesting visible light. 3 Among those doped TiO 2 materials, TON is more desirable due to its low energy requirement for doping and superb performance in photovoltaic and photocatalytic applications.2,4-7 In practice, the mesoporous TON (meso-TON) is plausible because its large specic surface area (SSA) and developed porosity favour solar energy conversion. 4,8 Despite the fact that enormous advances have been achieved in the control of N-doping level, morphology, crystallite size and crystallinity of TiO 2Àx N x , 9-11 synthesis of mesoporous TiO 2Àx N x (meso-TON) remains a great challenge because the mesoporous structure is prone to collapse during nitriding and crystallization at elevated temperature. 8,12-14Ammonolysis is the most used nitriding technique for preparation of TON, though it occurs above 500 C. 2,10,13 Such a high ammonolysis temperature inevitably destructs the porosity of the primitive meso-TiO 2 , induces phase transition and hampers its applications in thin lm devices.2,10 In order to retain its developed porosity, a few low-temperature methodologies, such as sol-gel, 9 hydrothermal or solvothermal combined with post-nitriding, 10,11 have been developed for preparing meso-TON. In those methodologies, the involved solvent, surfactant template and chemical sources of Ti and N controlled the hydrolysis, nitriding and crystallization processes and thus determined the mesoporosity of the resultant TON. 15,16 In particular, the alternative nitrogen sources to NH 3 , such as NH 4 Cl, 13 urea, 15,17,18 HMT, 19 glycine 16 and thiourea, 20 are plausible for realizing low-temperature nitriding. Solvent evaporation induced assembly (SEISA) has been demonstrated to be an excellent route to prepare meso-TiO 2 thin lms, 12 in terms of its great exibility in handling the synthesis system (solvents, su...

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“…There are reports of the fast synthesis of mesoporous TiO2 within several hours, but the products are aggregated [26][27][28], amorphous [29], uneven [30] or in bulk [31,32]. Although mesoporous hollow TiO2 spheres have been intensively investigated [11,33,34], their low density/tap density can lead to a low volumetric performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast synthesis of uniform mesoporous titania submicrospheres with high tap densities for high-volumetric performance Li-ion batteries

et al. 2017

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High-tap density electrode materials are greatly desired for Li-ion batteries with high volumetric capacities to fulfill the growing demands of electric vehicles and portable smart devices. TiO2, which is one of the most attractive anode materials, is limited in their application for Li-ion batteries because of its low tap density (usually <1 g cm −3 ) and volumetric capacity. Herein, we report uniform mesoporous TiO2 submicrospheres with a tap density as high as 1.62 g cm −3 as a promising anode material. Even with a high mass loading of 24 mg cm −2 , the TiO2 submicrospheres have impressive volumetric capacities that are more than double those of their counterparts. Moreover, they can be synthesized with 100% yield and within a reaction time of~6 h by optimizing the experimental conditions and formation mechanism, exhibiting potential for large-scale production for industrial applications. Other mesoporous anode materials, i.e., hightap density mesoporous Li4Ti5O12 submicrospheres, are fabricated using the generalized method. We believe that our work provides a significant reference for the industrial production of mesoporous materials for Li-ion batteries with a high volumetric performance.

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Sonochemical Synthesis of Mesoporous Titanium Oxide with Wormhole-like Framework Structures

Cited by 246 publications

References 7 publications

Solventless Acid‐Free Synthesis of Mesostructured Titania: Nanovessels for Metal Complexes and Metal Nanoclusters

Solventless Acid‐Free Synthesis of Mesostructured Titania: Nanovessels for Metal Complexes and Metal Nanoclusters

Enhanced visible-light-driven photocatalytic activity of mesoporous TiO2−xNx derived from the ethylenediamine-based complex

Fast synthesis of uniform mesoporous titania submicrospheres with high tap densities for high-volumetric performance Li-ion batteries

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