Sonochemical synthesis of 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles catalyzed by ZrP₂O₇ nanoparticles and regioselective conversion into new 2,5-disubstituted tetrazoles

Abstract

The ultrasound-assisted preparation of 2-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl) acrylonitrile derivatives via a one-pot multi-component method is described successfully using ZrP 2 O 7 nanoparticles as a catalyst. Readily available tetrazoles can be transformed into the corresponding 1,5-and 2,5-disubstituted tetrazoles. 2,4′-Dibromoacetophenone gave the corresponding 2,5-disubstituted derivative as the only isomer. Synthesis of tetrazole derivatives with excellent yields in short times, a wide range of products under ultrasound irradiation, environmental benignity and a simple work-up procedure are some of the important features of this protocol.

Silica nanospheres KCC-1 as a good catalyst for the preparation of 2-amino-4H-chromenes by ultrasonic irradiation

“…Ultrasound has been known as significant for green and remarkable synthetic methods 27 – 29 . The ultrasound approach reduces times, increases yields of products by creating the activation energy in micro surroundings 30 , 31 . This phenomenon is generally contained the construction, growth, and transient implosive collapse of the gas and vapour filled microbubbles.…”

Magnetic carbon nanotube as a highly stable and retrievable support for the heterogenization of sulfonic acid and its application in the synthesis of 2‐(1H‐tetrazole‐5‐yl) acrylonitrile derivatives

“…Conventional synthesis of 5‐substituted 1 H ‐tetrazoles is by [3 + 2] cycloaddition of nitriles to azides . To our survey, up to now, only a limited number of articles have been reported for the preparation of 2‐(1 H ‐tetrazole‐5‐yl) acrylonitriles via multicomponent domino reaction between different aldehydes, malononitrile, and sodium azide . Unfortunately, many of these methods suffer from drawbacks such as unsatisfactory yields, the use of organic solvents, long reaction times, and recovery and recycling of the catalyst.…”

An Efficient Ultrasound Promoted Three‐Component and Regioselective Synthesis of Indenoquinoxaline Compounds Containing Pyrrolopyrimidine Skeleton

“…Over the last few decades, challenging reactions have been improved in terms of selectivity, yield, and duration by using ultrasonic irradiation ,. Generally, the ultrasound irradiation creates the activation energy in micro surroundings to increase the yields of products and decrease reaction times ,. Therefore, sonochemistry as a green technology has been frequently used for organic transformations, offering a versatile, efficient, facile, and fast route for a large array of syntheses …”

“…[1,2] Generally, the ultrasound irradiation creates the activation energy in micro surroundings to increase the yields of products and decrease reaction times. [3,4] Therefore, sonochemistry as a green technology has been frequently used for organic transformations, offering a versatile, efficient, facile, and fast route for a large array of syntheses. [1][2][3][4] The term MCRs (multicomponent reactions) offers an efficient and one-pot pathway to construct densely functionalized targets from simple and readily available substrates.…”