Some verbal aspects of primary-process thought: A partial replication.

Blumberg, Stanley; Giller, Donald W.

doi:10.1037/h0021941

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Feinberg and Mercer (1960) and Gonen (1970) substantiated this finding, using the same test. Burstein (1961) reported similar findings with a different test and Blumberg and Giller (1965), using Burstein's test, largely confirmed Burstein's findings. Burstein used multiple-choice vocabulary items in which homonyms and antonyms (which are often regarded as associates) were present as possible incorrect answers.…”

supporting

confidence: 62%

Associative intrusions in schizophrenic verbal behavior.

Rattan¹,

Chapman²

1973

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

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The investigators developed two multiple-choice vocabulary subtests in which the items of one subtest contained associates to the stimulus word as incorrect alternatives, while the items of the other subtest contained no associative distractors. Using a standardization sample of normal subjects with average and below-average IQ, the subtests were matched on coefficient alpha, mean, and variance of item difficulty and shape of the distribution of item difficulty. Chronic schizophrenics, unlike normal subjects, showed a significantly greater deficit on the with-associates subtest than on the no-associates subtest. This finding demonstrates schizophrenic heightened susceptibility to associative distraction without the possible artifact of generalized deficit coupled with differential discriminating power of tests.

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supporting

confidence: 62%

Associative intrusions in schizophrenic verbal behavior.

Rattan¹,

Chapman²

1973

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

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“…The vast literature on semantic processing abnormalities in SZ has almost ignored antonyms. The few paper-and-pencil studies of the 1960s [ 40 , 41 ] have documented that patients failed in distinguishing antonyms, synonymous and homonymous words in multiple choice tasks and selected antonyms or homonyms, rather than synonyms (or unrelated words), in response to a word stimulus. These errors were linked to semantic biases associated with illogical thinking and loose associations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Deciding whether or not the opposite of black is white seems a rather demanding task for people with SZ [ 40 , 41 ], but it is instead a low demanding task for healthy participants [ 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ]. In fact, antonyms are recognized faster than any other words or non-words in word recognition, elicit each other in word association tests (constituting approximately a quarter of the responses coded in free association norms [ 30 , 45 ]) and are often mistaken in speech error analyses (making up approximately 30% of word substitution errors of healthy participants [ 36 , 41 , 46 ]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The general aim of this study was therefore to expand our understanding of the cognitive processes underlying the recognition of antonyms and to evaluate whether these processes differed in people with SZ and in healthy controls. We tested whether the semantic dysfunction that often characterizes people with SZ necessarily leads to a loss of the capacity to recognize antonyms when antonyms are presented alone, rather than with homonyms and/or synonyms, as in prior studies [ 39 , 40 ], and when antonym identification is tested with a real-time task.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is Black Always the Opposite of White? An Investigation on the Comprehension of Antonyms in People with Schizophrenia and in Healthy Participants

Cacciari

Pesciarelli

Gamberoni

et al. 2015

Behavioral Sciences

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The present investigation sought to expand our understanding of the cognitive processes underlying the recognition of antonyms and to evaluate whether these processes differed in patients with schizophrenia and in healthy controls. Antonymy is the most robust of the lexico-semantic relations and is relevant to both the mental organization of the lexicon and the organization of coherent discourse, as attested by the resurgence of interest in antonymy in the linguistic and psychological domains. In contrast, the vast literature on semantic processing in schizophrenia almost ignored antonymy. In this study, we tested the online comprehension of antonyms in 39 Italian patients with paranoid schizophrenia and in an equal number of pairwise-matched healthy controls. Participants read a definitional sentence fragment (e.g., the opposite of black is), followed by the correct antonym (white) or by a semantically unrelated word (nice), and judged whether or not the target word was correct. Patients were rather accurate in identifying antonyms, but compared to controls, they showed longer response times and higher priming scores, suggesting an exaggerated contextual facilitation. Presumably, this reflects a deficient controlled semantic processing and an overreliance on stored semantic representations.

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You can take it with you: Individual differences and expatriate effectiveness.

Shaffer

Harrison

Gregersen

et al. 2006

Journal of Applied Psychology

476

507

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The authors report the collaborative efforts of 2 research teams that independently investigated the effects of stable personality traits (the Big Five) and specific behavioral competencies (cultural flexibility, task and people orientations, and ethnocentrism) on key dimensions of expatriate effectiveness: psychological adjustment, assignment withdrawal cognitions, and job performance. Analyses of multiple-source and longitudinal data from 3 studies, including a diverse sample of expatriates in Hong Kong and separate samples of Korean and Japanese expatriates posted around the world, indicate several direct effects of individual differences. Further data show reliable distinctions between the traits and competencies as well as incremental prediction by either set of predictors in the presence of the others.

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Some verbal aspects of primary-process thought: A partial replication.

Cited by 4 publications

References 3 publications

Associative intrusions in schizophrenic verbal behavior.

Associative intrusions in schizophrenic verbal behavior.

Is Black Always the Opposite of White? An Investigation on the Comprehension of Antonyms in People with Schizophrenia and in Healthy Participants

You can take it with you: Individual differences and expatriate effectiveness.

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