Some prospective applications of silicon electrodeposition from molten fluorides to solar cell fabrication

Cohen, Uri

doi:10.1007/bf02660341

Cited by 56 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…[3] Elwell et al [4] and Bouteillon et al [5] later obtained compact and smooth Si films on Ag or graphite substrates in molten LiF-NaF-KF-K 2 SiF 6 .R ecently Yasuda et al achieved relatively good quality deposits in molten KF-KCl, using K 2 SiF 6 or SiCl 4 as the Si precursor. [3] Elwell et al [4] and Bouteillon et al [5] later obtained compact and smooth Si films on Ag or graphite substrates in molten LiF-NaF-KF-K 2 SiF 6 .R ecently Yasuda et al achieved relatively good quality deposits in molten KF-KCl, using K 2 SiF 6 or SiCl 4 as the Si precursor.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One promising approach is direct fabrication of Si films from inexpensive Si-based compounds via electrochemical techniques.E lectrodeposition of crystalline Si films from fluoride-based molten salts has been investigated since the 1970s.Cohen first reported successful plating of Si films onto an Ag coated Si wafer in molten LiF-KF-K 2 SiF 6 . [3] Elwell et al [4] and Bouteillon et al [5] later obtained compact and smooth Si films on Ag or graphite substrates in molten LiF-NaF-KF-K 2 SiF 6 .R ecently Yasuda et al achieved relatively good quality deposits in molten KF-KCl, using K 2 SiF 6 or SiCl 4 as the Si precursor. [6] Similar work or reviews can be found in the literature.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Toward Cost‐Effective Manufacturing of Silicon Solar Cells: Electrodeposition of High‐Quality Si Films in a CaCl₂‐based Molten Salt

Yang

Zou

et al. 2017

Angew Chem Int Ed

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Electrodeposition of Si films from a Si-containing electrolyte is a cost-effective approach for the manufacturing of solar cells. Proposals relying on fluoride-based molten salts have suffered from low product quality due to difficulties in impurity control. Here we demonstrate the successful electrodeposition of high-quality Si films from a CaCl -based molten salt. Soluble Si -O anions generated from solid SiO are electrodeposited onto a graphite substrate to form a dense film of crystalline Si. Impurities in the deposited Si film are controlled at low concentrations (both B and P are less than 1 ppm). In the photoelectrochemical measurements, the film shows p-type semiconductor character and large photocurrent. A p-n junction fabricated from the deposited Si film exhibits clear photovoltaic effects. This study represents the first step to the ultimate goal of developing a cost-effective manufacturing process for Si solar cells based on electrodeposition.

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Toward Cost‐Effective Manufacturing of Silicon Solar Cells: Electrodeposition of High‐Quality Si Films in a CaCl₂‐based Molten Salt

Yang

Zou

et al. 2017

Angew Chem Int Ed

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“…Cohen and Huggins studied electrodeposition of silicon to solar cell fabrication in the 1970s. , Epitaxial and polycrystalline continuous films were electrodeposited from molten fluorides (K 2 SiF 6 , LiF, KF, and KF+HF) at 750 °C on Si, Ag, W, and Nb substrates using pure Si as an anode. The coatings were characterized as dense, coherent, and well adherent to Si as well as various metal substrates.…”

Section: Thin Si Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Silver has preferentially been used as a cathode material because Si easily nucleates on Ag and does not dissolve in the substrate. ,,− Dense, coherent, and adherent Si layers up to 3 mm thick were deposited on the Ag substrate using K 2 SiF 6 in fluoride melts . Pure Si layers up to 300 μm thick were deposited on Ag in LiF–KF and LiF–NaF–KF eutectic mixtures while using K 2 SiF 6 as an additive .…”

Section: Thin Si Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon Electrochemistry in Molten Salts

Juzeliūnas

Fray

2019

Chem. Rev.

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Silicon electrochemistry has the potential to advance sustainable energy solutions by offering environmentally friendly and secure technologies that can contribute to the low-carbon economy. Electrochemical methods use electrons directly as reducing agents, eliminating the need for harmful chemicals and offering simpler, one-step, process control. Silicon itself is the second most abundant element in the earth's crust, is nontoxic, and is a robust material offering high efficiencies in solar photovoltaics. As such, silicon currently dominates the solar energy market and could continue to do so for the next few decades. This review summarizes recent achievements in the molten salt electrochemistry of silicon, highlighting subjects of technological significance such as the production of silicon by silica electro-deoxidation, the formation of photoactive layers, silicon electrorefining, and the synthesis of semiconductors as well as nanostructures for energy storage applications. The review highlights future opportunities and challenges such as the production of highly pure silicon, the creation of carbon-free anodes for oxygen production, and silicon electrodeposition from gaseous precursors.

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“…Currently, silicon and silicon-based composite materials are widely used in microelectronics, solar energy devices, as well as in the manufacture of portable energy storage devices [1][2][3]. In particular, a new lithium-ion battery (LIB) with a silicon-based anode is being actively developed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Synthesis of Nano-Sized Silicon from KCl–K2SiF6 Melts for Powerful Lithium-Ion Batteries

et al. 2021

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Currently, silicon and silicon-based composite materials are widely used in microelectronics and solar energy devices. At the same time, silicon in the form of nanoscale fibers and various particles morphology is required for lithium-ion batteries with increased capacity. In this work, we studied the electrolytic production of nanosized silicon from low-fluoride KCl–K2SiF6 and KCl–K2SiF6–SiO2 melts. The effect of SiO2 addition on the morphology and composition of electrolytic silicon deposits was studied under the conditions of potentiostatic electrolysis (cathode overvoltage of 0.1, 0.15, and 0.25 V vs. the potential of a quasi-reference electrode). The obtained silicon deposits were separated from the electrolyte residues, analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and spectral analysis, and then used to fabricate a composite Si/C anode for a lithium-ion battery. The energy characteristics of the manufactured anode half-cells were measured by the galvanostatic cycling method. Cycling revealed better capacity retention and higher coulombic efficiency of the Si/C composite based on silicon synthesized from KCl–K2SiF6–SiO2 melt. After 15 cycles at 200 mA·g−1, material obtained at 0.15 V overvoltage demonstrates capacity of 850 mAh·g−1.

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Some prospective applications of silicon electrodeposition from molten fluorides to solar cell fabrication

Cited by 56 publications

References 11 publications

Toward Cost‐Effective Manufacturing of Silicon Solar Cells: Electrodeposition of High‐Quality Si Films in a CaCl₂‐based Molten Salt

Toward Cost‐Effective Manufacturing of Silicon Solar Cells: Electrodeposition of High‐Quality Si Films in a CaCl₂‐based Molten Salt

Silicon Electrochemistry in Molten Salts

Electrochemical Synthesis of Nano-Sized Silicon from KCl–K2SiF6 Melts for Powerful Lithium-Ion Batteries

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Some prospective applications of silicon electrodeposition from molten fluorides to solar cell fabrication

Cited by 56 publications

References 11 publications

Toward Cost‐Effective Manufacturing of Silicon Solar Cells: Electrodeposition of High‐Quality Si Films in a CaCl2‐based Molten Salt

Toward Cost‐Effective Manufacturing of Silicon Solar Cells: Electrodeposition of High‐Quality Si Films in a CaCl2‐based Molten Salt

Silicon Electrochemistry in Molten Salts

Electrochemical Synthesis of Nano-Sized Silicon from KCl–K2SiF6 Melts for Powerful Lithium-Ion Batteries

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Toward Cost‐Effective Manufacturing of Silicon Solar Cells: Electrodeposition of High‐Quality Si Films in a CaCl₂‐based Molten Salt

Toward Cost‐Effective Manufacturing of Silicon Solar Cells: Electrodeposition of High‐Quality Si Films in a CaCl₂‐based Molten Salt