Some Phylogenetical Aspects on the Occurrence of Somatostatin in the Gastro-Entero-Pancreatic Endocrine System

Falkmer, Sture; Elde, Robert; Hellerström, Claes; Petersson, Birger; Efendić, Suad; Fohlman, Jan; Siljevall, Jan-Bertil

doi:10.1679/aohc1950.40.supplement_99

Cited by 52 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The D-cells in both the toad and the frog could be demonstrated by the Hellerstrom-Hellman silver technique and by their cross-reaction with the antiserum raised against the mammalian somatostatin, a finding which is consistent with earlier observations on other anuran amphibians (6,7,13).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The endocrine pancreas of anuran amphibians has been studied histologically (4,6,7,11,14) and ultrastructurally (12,16,17). However, only a few immunocytochemical studies have been performed to identify the cellular composition of the endocrine pancreas of these animals (6)(7)(8)13,17;Falkmer personal communication). Only in one of these studies morphometric quantitation of the different endocrine cell types has been investigated (13).…”

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THE ENDOCRINE PANCREAS OF ANURAN AMPHIBIANS: A HISTOLOGICAL AND IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL STUDY

El‐Salhy

Wilander

Abu-Sinna³

1982

Biomed. Res.

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The endocrine pancreas of two anuran amphibians, the toad (Bufo orientalis) and the frog (Rana temporaria), were studied by means of histological and immunocytochemical techniques. In both species studied four endocrine cell types were identified viz. insulin (B), glucagon (A), somatostatin (D) and pancreatic polypeptide (PP) cells. T hese endocrine cells occupied 2.9 'X, in the toad and 3.3 'X, in frog of the total volume of the pancreas. The volume occupied by B, A, D and PP cells in the toad was 31, 31, 7 and 31 'X, of the total volume of the endocrine tissue, respectively. The corresponding figures in the frog were 30, 30, 9 and 30 %. There was no difference in the topographic distribution of these cells in both species under study. Double immunostaining by peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) technique, simultaneous demonstration of two hormones using PAP and indirect imrnunofiuorescence techniques and staining of consecutive sections showed that three glucagon/PP cell types occur in the pancreas of the toad and the frog. The first cell type showed glucagon immunoreactivity, the second exhibited PP immunoreactivity and the third disclosed both glucagon and PP immunoreactivity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

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confidence: 99%

THE ENDOCRINE PANCREAS OF ANURAN AMPHIBIANS: A HISTOLOGICAL AND IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL STUDY

El‐Salhy

Wilander

Abu-Sinna³

1982

Biomed. Res.

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Peptides of the gastrointestinal tract of the dogfish (Scyliorhinus stellaris)

1989

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The gastrointestinal tract of the dogfish Scyliorhinus stellaris contains numerous peptides of the same families as those of higher vertebrates, that, like them, are found in endocrine cells of the epithelium and nerves of the mucosa, submucosa, and muscle wall of the gut. Using immunochemistry, we have identified peptides immunologically similar to gastridcholecystokinin, peptide histidine isoleucine (PHI), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), glucagon, substance P, bombesin, peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY), neuropeptide tyrosine (NPY), somatostatin, enkephalin, and galanin. Immunoreactivity for many of these peptides was present in both endocrine cells and nerves. PYY-, NPY-, and glucagon-like peptides were found only in endocrine cells, whereas immunoreactivity for galanin was confined to nerves. The peptides were differently distributed along the gut.A few of the dogfish gastrointestinal peptides have been structurally analyzed, and some, such as VIP-, substance P-, and bombesin-like peptides, exist in more than one form. Our own immunocytochemical studies are in agreement with this and suggest that the bombesin-like peptide in the endocrine cells differs from that in the nerves. Furthermore, it seems possible that three different and unrelated peptides (bombesin-like, substance P-like, and PHI-like) may be present in the same cells. Co-localization of different peptides seems also to be present in nerve fibers. The implications of these findings should be taken into account in future studies.

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Ontogeny and differentiation of regulatory peptide-and serotonin-immunoreactivity in the gastrointestinal tract of an elasmobranch

et al. 1989

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A number of regulatory peptides and serotonin were studied by immunocytochemistry with respect to their appearance and distribution in the developing gastrointestinal tract of the selachian Scyliorhinus stellaris. In the earliest stage studied (fourth month developmental stage) glucagon-, somatostatin-, serotonin-, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-, cholecystokinin (CCK)-, and gastrin-immunoreactive cells were detected in the already differentiated intestinal epithelium, whereas only glucagon-, somatostatin-, and serotonin-immunoreactive cells were seen in the not yet differentiated stomach epithelium. Glucagon-immunoreactive cells were present in the gastric portion only; in the pyloric portion, they appeared in the next stage, together with CCK-, peptide histidine isoleucine (PHI)-, and bombesin-immunoreactive cells, and disappeared before birth. PHI-immunoreactive cells were restricted to the pyloric portion, whereas VIP-and gastrin-immunoreactive cells were detected in the spiral gut only. At the beginning, immunoreactive cells were few, but they grew in number until birth, when some of them presented a more elevated frequency than that seen in adults. Immunoreactive endocrine cells were of open type and showed a distribution similar to that seen in adults. PHI-immunoreactive nerve fibers appeared early, first in the lamina propria, then in the muscular layer; the opposite was seen for VIPimmunoreactive fibers that were shown successively, first in the muscular layer, then in the lamina propria. Intestinal bombesin and P-endorphin were shown after birth only. The early appearance of the peptides tested is consistent with the hypothesis that they play a role on cell growth and differentiation.

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Some Phylogenetical Aspects on the Occurrence of Somatostatin in the Gastro-Entero-Pancreatic Endocrine System

Cited by 52 publications

References 20 publications

<b>THE ENDOCRINE PANCREAS OF ANURAN AMPHIBIANS: A HISTOLOGICAL AND IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL </b><b>STUDY </b>

<b>THE ENDOCRINE PANCREAS OF ANURAN AMPHIBIANS: A HISTOLOGICAL AND IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL </b><b>STUDY </b>

Peptides of the gastrointestinal tract of the dogfish (Scyliorhinus stellaris)

Ontogeny and differentiation of regulatory peptide-and serotonin-immunoreactivity in the gastrointestinal tract of an elasmobranch

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