Some modern methods of measuring the hall effect

Characterized Semiconductor Electrodes: II . Room Temperature Diffusion in a Single Crystal Rutile Electrode

“…The crystal structure is such that open channels or "chimneys" extend through the crys- tal in the (001) direction (8)(9)(10), and these chimneys have been shown to allow very easy diffusion of Li (11), B, and O (12) in this preferred direction. As expected, the diffusion is highly anisotropic (10,11,13) and disruption of the crystal structure (e.g., by surface polishing) tends to block the chimneys and reduce the diffusion in that direction (11).…”

A versatile system for Hall effect measurements at high temperature

“…A Hall system using an AC current source and an AC magnetic field has been proposed before [11,54]. The idea is to submit the sample to a current of frequency ω 1 and a magnetic field of frequency ω 2 while measuring the Hall effect at ω 1 − ω 2 or ω 1 + ω 2 frequency.…”

“…) In this case, the Hall coefficient can be obtained by measuring the voltage at ω 1 − ω 2 or at ω 1 + ω 2 frequency by using the power of lock-in amplification. The Hall constant is then given by [54]:…”

Superconductivity of TiO2 grains by plasmon resonances

“…The discrepant values of mobility [3][4][5] and efficiency of electron transport remain unresolved, although it is clear that they are determined by electron-phonon interactions that give rise to polaron formation and scattering events. Rutile is the most common and stable TiO 2 polymorph with a tetragonal structure with a$ 4.6 Å and c$ 2.9 Å .…”

“…For TiO 2 -based dye-sensitized solar cells, the efficiency is typically limited by electron transport through TiO 2 nanostructures [1,2]. TiO 2 is an ionic transition-metal oxide, exhibiting strong electron-phonon coupling which determines low room temperature electron mobilities [3][4][5].…”