Some microstructural aspects of vapour-grown carbon fibres to disclose their failure mechanisms

Nitric acid oxidation of vapor grown carbon nanofibers

“…At 1050-1300°C the filaments' graphitic order is high. These fibers grow as rapidly as 1 mm/min and may lengthen for several minutes until the iron particle is deactivated or until they leave the reaction zone [1,7]. An outer layer of carbon is deposited on the filament by CVD if the filaments remain in the reaction zone.…”

Effects of nanofiber treatments on the properties of vapor‐grown carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites

“…VGCFs are produced by catalytic chemical vapor deposition that leads to two zones in the material with different aspects: an internal catalytic phase with a regular and oriented structure, and a pyrolytic phase characterized by irregular graphite layers and amorphous carbon 25. The nanofibers used in composites for electrical applications must be free of amorphous carbon to improve the conductivity of the composite 26, 27.…”

An Inspection of Some Hydrogenated Carbon Fibers by Scanning Electron Microscopy and Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy

“…This granular image of the skin of the VGCF coincides with that which was already known as regards its microstructure via previous studies conducted with transmission electron microscopy TEM. Therefore, it is known (Madroñero et al, 1996) that the fine structure consists of some 50 nm plates that compact to form curved plates of some 250 nm thickness and few micrometers wide (Madroñero et al, 1998). These macrostructures now enter within the limit of optic microscopy, as we have seen through the images shown in Fig.…”