Some late-holocene pollen diagrams from the peel raised bogs (southern Netherlands)

Janssen, Colin; Hove, H.A. ten

doi:10.1016/0034-6667(71)90028-5

Cited by 20 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Standard peak at 200 yr BP represents one 14C age with I =1 and am = 45. The raw data were obtained from various sources; wood and charcoal: Lanting and Mook (1977); ombrotrophic peat: Janssen and ten Hove (1971), Casparie (1972), van Geel (1972, 1978, Middeldorp (1982Middeldorp ( , 1986, Dupont and Brenninkmeijer (1984), Kuhry (1985), Witte and van Geel (1985), Dupont (1986); minerotrophic peat/gyttja: Berendsen (1982), van der Woude (1983), van Dijk, Berendsen and Roeleveld (1991), Torngvist and van Dijk (1993). bration curve that should be used for the type of sample from which the "real" 14C histogram is constructed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Smooth Should Curves Be for Calibrating Radiocarbon Ages?

Törnqvist

Bierkens

1994

Radiocarbon

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ABSTRACT. We show that smoothed versions of the high-resolution calibration curve should be used when 14C ages are calibrated with large (> -3014C yr) measurement errors (represented by standard deviation am) or are mixtures of elements of variable age (natural sample error with standard deviation a,,). The degree of smoothing should agree with the standard deviation of total sample error, o,, the square root of the quadratic sum of om and a,,. However, in most cases, a, is not well known, especially due to difficulties in quantifying aQ. We present an inverse method that gives a measure of mean a, for different materials that are widely used in (conventional) '4C dating. Calculations with large (>100) data sets of wood, charcoal, ombrotrophic peat and minerotrophic peat/gyttja samples indicate that a, of such materials is generally much larger than previously assumed, mainly because of large values of a,,. This means that particularly in organic deposits, strongly smoothed calibration curves should be used where medium-term 14C variations (wiggles) are completely straightened. This has especially major consequences for calibrating 14C histograms for natural 14C variations. We conclude that 14C histograms consisting of samples of organic deposits do not require correction for medium-term 14C variations and that uncalibrated 14C histograms need not be as suspect as is usually believed.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Smooth Should Curves Be for Calibrating Radiocarbon Ages?

Törnqvist

Bierkens

1994

Radiocarbon

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“…There is a maximum separation between sites of 370 m and where it is possible to determine contemporaneous levels, the variations evident between sites suggest the influence of local vegetational and topographic factors in influencing the pollen record. Additional less detailed examples of multiple peat pollen profiles from Northern Irish sites include those from Goodland Townland, Co. Antrim (Case et al, 1969) and Mullaboy and Ballygroll Townlands, Co. Londonderry (Edwards, 1982b (1978); Scott's (1982) research from the Transvaal Bushveld in South Africa based on organic spring deposits; and raised bog profiles from West Germany (Wijmstra et al, 1971) and The Netherlands (Janssen and Ten Hove, 1971). …”

Section: Peat Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quaternary palynology

Edwards

1983

Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment

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Fundamental to any scientific testing is the level of reproducibility of results. In the world of the pure sciences, experimental replication might be expected to produce, ultimately, the 'same' results. In the natural and social sciences those concerned with empirical data generally expect less exactitude and are frequently content with statistically observable patterns or their absence. Given the inherent sampling problems, pollen analysts do not expect precise replication of data. From the early days of palynological study, however, researchers have noted the similarity of observable patterns across wide areas (von Post, 1916;Erdtman, 1924;Godwin, 1934a;1934b). The confidence thus engendered in the pollen method has prompted a sporadic testing of its basic concepts (see Faegri and Iversen, 1975; Birks and Birks, 1980). Apart from the literature review which precedes a study of pollen variability in six Wisconsin lakes (Davis et al., 1969) this writer is not aware of any discussion which focuses upon the general question of pollen data and its replication from multiple sample studies. A particular concern of this paper is to examine progress in research involving short distance within-site studies and with an emphasis upon fossil-based data rather than upon present-day vegetation-pollen relationships.

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“…The intensification of crop cultivation and pasture became visible in palynological research in the form of cereal pollen grains and weeds from both agricultural and pasture (Louwe Kooijmans, 1974;Behre, 1986;Bakker, 2003;Out, 2009). Due to expanding (agri)cultural activities, the soil degraded and Calluna heath could establish itself at large scale, indicated by a significant increase in Calluna pollen during the Medieval Period (Janssen and Ten Hove, 1971). Palynological analyses of features such as wells, pools and ditches in and near settlement sites can, for example, reveal animal grazing by the presence of spores from coprophilous fungi (Van Geel, 1978) and the processing of food by the presence of cereal pollen grains (Groenman- van Waateringe, 1992) and grains from herbs used for cooking (Zeven, 1997;Van Haaster, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can geodiversity help to save the soil archives?

Seijmonsbergen¹,

Ancker²,

Jungerius³

et al. 2019

Reading the Soil Archives

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This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher (other than as may be noted herein). NoticesKnowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience broaden our understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical treatment may become necessary.Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any information, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein. In using such information or methods they should be mindful of their own safety and the safety of others, including parties for whom they have a professional responsibility.

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Some late-holocene pollen diagrams from the peel raised bogs (southern Netherlands)

Cited by 20 publications

References 11 publications

How Smooth Should Curves Be for Calibrating Radiocarbon Ages?

How Smooth Should Curves Be for Calibrating Radiocarbon Ages?

Quaternary palynology

Can geodiversity help to save the soil archives?

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