Some fundamental aspects of spray drying

Katta, S.; Gauvin, W. H.

doi:10.1002/aic.690210118

Cited by 29 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The one-dimensional models with two-way thermal coupling (Dickinson and Marshall, 1968;Parti and Palancz, 1974) represent the essential mechanisms in spray drying better but are inadequate near the atomizer. Katta and Gauvin (1975) created a quasi-one-dimensional model incorporating two-way mass and thermal coupling between phases. The model divides the chamber into a jet region and an annular free-entrainment region, with the boundary between the two zones established using empirical data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air temperature and humidity profiles in spray drying. 1. Features predicted by the particle source in cell model

Papadakis¹,

King²

1988

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The PSI-Cell (particle source in cell) model of Crowe was used to predict droplet trajectories and velocities, air temperature, humidity and velocity fields, and rates of evaporation of water droplets in a spray dryer equipped with a pressure atomizer. Among the interesting and important features are (1) a large air-pumping action brought about by the spray as the droplets slow to terminal velocities, (2) backflow along the walls of the dryer below a certain level and sideflow of air inward from the walls above that level, and (3) much lower air temperatures and higher air humidities inside the spray than outside. This latter feature indicates that the rate of entrainment of hot air into the spray can be an important rate limit for drying. Larger drops travel radially outward further than do smaller drops. These larger drops experience the highest air temperatures and thereby evaporate fully in a shorter fall distance than do drops of an intermediate size. The spray thus shows characteristics of evaporating radially from the outside inward.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air temperature and humidity profiles in spray drying. 1. Features predicted by the particle source in cell model

Papadakis¹,

King²

1988

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…[24][25][26] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a spray dryer. [24][25][26] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a spray dryer.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Nd₂Fe₁₄B powders by spray-drying and reduction–diffusion processes

et al. 2001

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The magnetic Nd-Fe-B powders were prepared by a mechanochemical method, including the processes of spray drying, debinding, milling, H 2 reduction, Ca reduction, and washing. The liquid solution dissolved with various metal salts was first spray-dried to prepare the precursor powders having uniformly dispersed Nd, Fe, and B components. The precursor powders in turn were subjected to the subsequent processes. The particle size of the resultant Nd-Fe-B powders was about 1 m. Effects of the process parameters on phases, morphologies, microstructures, compositions, and thermal properties of the powders were investigated.

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“…But their solutions were inadequate near the atomizer. Later, Katta and Gauvin [28] created a model of spray drying which divided the chamber into a jet region and an annular free entrainment region. The boundary conditions between these two regions were set from empirical data.…”

Section: Mathematical Modeling Of Spray Dryersmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of the recent advances in spray-drying

Mujumdar

Huang

Chen

2010

Dairy Sci. Technol.

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-A global overview is presented of recent developments in spray drying. Recent advances in computational fluid dynamics modeling have provided new insights into the flow processes occurring within the spray chamber. This is important since detailed experimental measurements within an operating spray dryer are almost impossible due to the hostile environment of hightemperature two-phase flow, which may be unsteady, and the high cost that would have to incur. Some recent predictive studies on predicted effects of innovative chamber geometry, reduced pressure operation, operation in low dew-point air and superheated steam are presented. Also, a comparison is made between steady and unsteady state computations to highlight the critical issues. Predicted results on a horizontal spray chamber configuration are also presented. Finally, a brief survey is made on the recent literature on spray freeze-drying as well as multi-stage drying processes.computational fluid dynamics / modeling / spray drying / CFDRésumé -Récentes avancées dans la conception et l'optimisation des installations de séchage par pulvérisation : une vue d'ensemble. Un inventaire des récents développements dans le domaine du séchage par pulvérisation est dressé. Les dernières avancées de la dynamique des fluides numérique ont permis d'obtenir de nouvelles représentations des processus d'écoulement ayant lieu à l'intérieur de la chambre de séchage. Ces modélisations sont très importantes car des mesures expérimentales détaillées à l'intérieur d'une installation de séchage en fonctionnement sont pratiquement impossibles à réaliser, en raison des conditions hostiles liées au flux à température élevée de deux phases, pouvant être irrégulier, et aux coûts qui seraient engendrés. Des études prédictives récentes sur les effets d'une géométrie innovante de la chambre, de conditions de pression réduite, d'air à bas point de rosée et de vapeur surchauffée, sont notamment présentées. Article published by EDP Sciences Une comparaison des calculs réalisés dans des conditions stables ou instables est également réalisée afin de mettre en lumière les points critiques. Les résultats de la prédiction pour une configuration de chambre horizontale sont présentés. Enfin, les dernières publications sur le couplage séchage par pulvérisation-lyophilisation et les procédés de séchage multi-étage sont présentées rapidement.dynamique des fluides / modélisation / séchage par pulvérisation / CFD

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Some fundamental aspects of spray drying

Cited by 29 publications

References 19 publications

Air temperature and humidity profiles in spray drying. 1. Features predicted by the particle source in cell model

Air temperature and humidity profiles in spray drying. 1. Features predicted by the particle source in cell model

Synthesis of Nd₂Fe₁₄B powders by spray-drying and reduction–diffusion processes

An overview of the recent advances in spray-drying

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Some fundamental aspects of spray drying

Cited by 29 publications

References 19 publications

Air temperature and humidity profiles in spray drying. 1. Features predicted by the particle source in cell model

Air temperature and humidity profiles in spray drying. 1. Features predicted by the particle source in cell model

Synthesis of Nd2Fe14B powders by spray-drying and reduction–diffusion processes

An overview of the recent advances in spray-drying

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Synthesis of Nd₂Fe₁₄B powders by spray-drying and reduction–diffusion processes