Some features of macrospiral layers and macrosteps on potassium bichromate crystals grown from aqueous solutions

Rak, Mirosława; Sangwal, K.

doi:10.1016/0022-0248(83)90092-1

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Similar fluctuations have been reported in the literature [5,6,17,20,[45][46][47]. The main cause of these fluctuations is the intrinsically unsteady step source [5,6,17,20,45], which leads to non-uniform spacing between neighbouring steps. The non-uniform spacing between steps results in the formation of steps of fluctuating thickness by the above mechanisms, which move with different velocities.…”

Section: Dispersion In Step Velocity During Growthsupporting

confidence: 58%

In situ study of the kinetics of displacement of growth steps on {010} faces of potassium acid phthalate single crystals grown from aqueous solutions

Sangwal

Wójcik

Borc

2003

Cryst. Res. Technol.

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Experimental results of an in situ study of displacement rates of growth steps, observed by optical microscopy, of different height on the {010} faces of potassium acid phthalate single crystals from aqueous solutions of predefined supersaturations up to 8.5% at about 30ºC are reported and discussed. It was found that: (1) there is a large spread in the displacement rate of steps even for the same supersaturation but the spread decreases with increasing value of supersaturation, (2) in some cases the step displacement rate decreases while in others it increases with increasing growth duration, (3) the average displacement rate of low-height steps increases linearly with an increase in supersaturation, and (4) the velocity of steps decreases with an increase in their height. Analysis of the results showed that (1) the linear supersaturation dependence of step velocity occurs in the case of a supersaturation independent activation energy for growth, and (2) the supersaturation dependence of relative decrease in the velocity of steps with their height may be explained by three approaches: (i) net flux of growth units from the surface terrace to the advancing step, (ii) time dependent adsorption of solute molecules to the advancing step, and (iii) anisotropy in solute transport by surface diffusion to a step from the two terraces on its either sides (Schwoebel effect). In approaches (i) and (ii) the decrease in the step velocity is associated with the nucleation of kinks on step edges. Dedicated to Professor K. W. Benz on the occasion of his 65th birthday.

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Section: Dispersion In Step Velocity During Growthsupporting

confidence: 58%

In situ study of the kinetics of displacement of growth steps on {010} faces of potassium acid phthalate single crystals grown from aqueous solutions

Sangwal

Wójcik

Borc

2003

Cryst. Res. Technol.

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“…It was noticed that parallel steps have tendency to create step trains, in accordance to the prediction of kinematic step train theory, proposed first by Frank and later discuessed by Vekilov et al [6]. This tendency could lead to a creation of train of steps , double steps, macrosteps of even formation of new crystallographic face during growth [7,8,9,10,11]. The existence of such features were explained either by invoking the impurities or inclusions of foreign phase [12,13] or by coupling between the transport and step motion, leading to the spatial nonuniformity and step accumulations at some regions [14].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 62%

“…The simulation schema outline is as follows: new Ga atoms materialize at any of lattice site with probability (3). If new adatom appears it diffuses by jumps to the nearest neighboring sites with interaction dependent speed in accordance to (4) and then the diffusive step attachment jump is modified by Schwoebel barrier (7). In such a way crystal growth is realized.…”

Section: The Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long time evolution of meandered steps during the crystal growth processes

Załuska‐Kotur¹,

Krzyżewski²,

Krukowski³

2011

Preprint

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Step meandering during growth of gallium nitride (0001) surface is studied using kinetic Monte Carlo method. Simulated growth process, conducted in N-rich conditions are therefore controlled by Ga atoms surface diffusion. The model employs dominating four-body interactions of Ga atoms that cause step flow anisotropy during growth. Overall kinetics and shape selection features of step meandering are analyzed assuming their dependence on the external particle flux and on the temperature. It appears that at relatively high temperatures and low fluxes steps move regularly preserving their initial shapes of straight, parallel lines. For higher fluxes and at wide range of temperatures step meandering happens. It is shown that, depending on the initial surface parameters, two different scenarios of step meandering are realized. In both these regimes meandering has different character as

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“…It was noticed that parallel steps have tendency to create step trains, in accordance to the prediction of kinematic step train theory, proposed first by Frank [1] and later discussed by Vekilov et al [2]. This tendency could lead to a creation of train of steps, double steps, macrosteps of even the formation of new crystallographic face during growth [3][4][5][6][7]. Steps can form bunches, but also bend creating characteristic meanders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Emergence of regular meandered step structure in simulated growth of GaN(0001) surface

Załuska‐Kotur

Krzyżewski

Krukowski

2012

Journal of Crystal Growth

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Some features of macrospiral layers and macrosteps on potassium bichromate crystals grown from aqueous solutions

Cited by 10 publications

References 9 publications

In situ study of the kinetics of displacement of growth steps on {010} faces of potassium acid phthalate single crystals grown from aqueous solutions

In situ study of the kinetics of displacement of growth steps on {010} faces of potassium acid phthalate single crystals grown from aqueous solutions

Long time evolution of meandered steps during the crystal growth processes

Emergence of regular meandered step structure in simulated growth of GaN(0001) surface

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