Some effects of imipramine on micturition and their relevance to its anti-enuretic activity

Shaffer, David; Stephfnson, J.D.; Thomas, D.V.

doi:10.1016/0028-3908(79)90006-6

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Although nerve-induced contractions of the rat bladder in vitro are antagonized by noradrenaline or isoprenaline (Carpenter, 1970), it is doubtful whether the sympathetic innervation suppresses bladder contractility associated with micturition in the rat; adrenergic fibres do not seem to influence intravesical pressure at physiological stimulus rates (Elmer, 1978). Also in other species, the urinary bladder may contract during stimulation of the hypogastric nerves (Sigg & Sigg, 1964;Shaffer, Stephenson & Thomas, 1979). Bladder contractions mediated by a-adrenoceptors would appear to be restricted to the trigone at the base of the organ (Raezer, Wein, Jacobowitz & Corriere, 1973) and produce small elevations in pressure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atropine and Micturition Responses by Rats With Intact and Partially Innervated Bladder

Carpenter

1981

British J Pharmacology

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1 Micturition responses by a group of 17 rats were recorded during a water diuresis. During a 2 h period, uniform volumes of urine were passed at regular intervals; the mean of the voiding responses by each animal was consistent from one water loading period to another. Residual urine volumes were physiologically insignificant. 2 Atropine treatment did not compromise seriously micturition by water-loaded rats. Treated animals micturated more frequently; the mean volume was 68% of control. The residual urine volume was equal to that of controls.3 Several weeks after the surgical removal of half the motor innervation of the bladder, there was no significant effect on micturition. Mean voiding volumes were not different from those of controls; residual urine volumes were the same as before denervation. 4 After half the innervation of the bladder had been destroyed, the effect of atropine on micturition was enhanced. Volumes passed were 50% of control; large residual volumes remained when micturition was over. Only in this group could bladder distension be found. 5 It is concluded that functional responses of the rat urinary bladder are not only resistant to atropine but also to the sizeable reduction in the number of neuroeffector units in the bladder itself. The functional reserve of the rat bladder musculature is remarkably high when assessed by its ability to empty adequately.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atropine and Micturition Responses by Rats With Intact and Partially Innervated Bladder

Carpenter

1981

British J Pharmacology

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“…Since the response of the cat bladder to pelvic nerve stimulation is scarcely affected by atropine (Langley & Anderson, 1895) and imipramine possesses only weak cholinolytic activity, this was unlikely to explain the increased bladder capacity seen after imipramine in conscious cats; peripheral cholinolytic activities of atropine and scopolamine assessed on different systems were approximately 160 and 2500 times greater respectively than that of imipramine (Sigg, 1959;Rehavi et al 1977). As expected, imipramine did not significantly affect rises in intravesical pressure to sacral ventral root stimulation (Shaffer et al 1979); in spinal cats, imipramine (0-5 mg/kg i.v.) slightly increased intravesical pressure and potentiated responses to pelvic nerve stimulation (Sigg & Sigg, 1964).…”

Section: Cliolinolytic Activitymentioning

confidence: 62%

“…6); voiding was induced by a constant infusion of sterile saline (0-7 ml/min) into the bladder via a chronically implanted catheter, the free end of which terminated in a Luer connector anchored to the skull. This effect on bladder volume, obtained with doses of imipramine (0-5-2 mg/kg s.c.) which on a body weight basis were approximately equivalent to 12-5-50 mg for a 7 year old child, persisted for up to 15 h and was considered analogous to its clinical effect (Shaffer et al 1979). Imipramine increased functional bladder volume of a group of children by a mean of 34 % (Hagglund & Parkkulainen, 1964).…”

Section: Peripheral Actionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological and pharmacological basis for the chemotherapy of enuresis

Stephenson¹

1979

Psychol. Med.

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SynopsisEnuresis is a disorder of micturition occurring in the absence of an organic urinary tract lesion. To understand its possible causation, the mechanisms controlling micturition are described together with the possible sites of action of various anti-enuretic agents, particularly imipramine. It is concluded that further research into the central control of micturition is required before the precise actions of centrally-acting anti-enuretic agents can be elucidated. Knowledge of these may give insight into the nature of the defect causing enuresis.

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“…Although a variety of phar macological effects have been ascribed to this agent including muscarinic cholinergic receptor antagonist [4][5][6], inhibition of nor epinephrine uptake into nerve terminals [10,11], direct smooth muscle inhibition [4,5,9], and calcium antagonism [7,8], the mech anism for its effect on bladder function has not been adequately elucidated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…tivity [4][5][6], calcium antagonist [7,8], antispasmodic (direct smooth muscle relaxation) [4,5,9], and inhibition of norepinephrine uptake [10,11]; the exact mechanism by which imipramine affects bladder function remains to be unraveled.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Effects of Imipramine on the Rabbit Urinary Bladder: an in-vitro Study

Grover¹,

Wein²,

Ruggieri³

et al. 1988

Pharmacology

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Imipramine is a tricyclic antidepressant that has been demonstrated to be useful in the treatment of certain voiding dysfunctions. Imipramine has a variety of pharmacological effects including direct antimuscarinic activity, inhibition of catecholamine reuptake, direct muscle relaxant, and calcium antagonism. Using the in-vitro whole bladder model we have studied the effect of imipramine on the rate and magnitude of both intravesical pressure generation and bladder emptying in response to field stimulation. The results can be summarized as follows: at concentrations as low as 1 μmol/l imipramine causes a significant inhibition of volume expulsion without significantly affecting pressure generation. Imipramine produced a dose-dependent inhibition of both pressure development and percent volume emptying; however, it was substantially more potent in inhibiting the ability of the bladder to empty than to generate pressure.

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Some effects of imipramine on micturition and their relevance to its anti-enuretic activity

Cited by 10 publications

References 9 publications

Atropine and Micturition Responses by Rats With Intact and Partially Innervated Bladder

Atropine and Micturition Responses by Rats With Intact and Partially Innervated Bladder

Physiological and pharmacological basis for the chemotherapy of enuresis

Functional Effects of Imipramine on the Rabbit Urinary Bladder: an in-vitro Study

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