Some effects of formaldehyde treatment of hay on the production of Corriedale weaners fed in pens

Sharkey, MJ; Pearce, GR; Simmons, E.M.; Jeffery, RS; Clark, Jonathan H.

doi:10.1071/ea9720596

Cited by 4 publications

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“…With forage, formaldehyde has been used extensively as a silage additive (Brown & Valentine, 1972;Wilkins, Wilson & Cook, 1974;Barry, 1975), but little effort has been directed towards protection of high protein crops such as lucerne. Hemsley, Hogan & Weston (1970) protected dried forage with formaldehyde and Sharkey et al (1972) and Barry (1971) have treated hay with formaldehyde.…”

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Protection of leaf protein of lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) against degradation in the rumen by treatment with formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde

et al. 1980

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SUMMARYAqueous glutaraldehyde, in the presence of wetting agents Tween-20 or Haemosol, reacted with fresh cut lucerne (Medicago sativa L.), complete reaction being obtained with about 7·2 g (72 mmol)/kg herbage, or 18g/100g crude protein. Reaction with 25% w/v aqueous glutaraldehyde sprayed on to fresh lucerne was rapid, and at the rate of 66 mmol/kg lucerne, all aldehyde had reacted in 3 h and about 60% of the soluble leaf protein became insoluble. Formaldehyde at twice the molar concentration of glutaraldehyde was absorbed rapidly, but a longer time, up to 24 h, was required for the protein to become insoluble. Treatments with 22, 44 and 66 mmol glutaraldehyde/kg lucerne, and 44, 88 and 132 mmol formaldehyde/kg showed that reaction with leaf protein was approximately proportional to the amount of aldehyde. A major effect on the leaf cells was the fixation of chloroplasts, and intact fixed chloroplasts were isolated from treated lucerne with high protein: chlorophyll ratios of 5·8:1 to 9·5:1.Two varieties of lucerne, Kabul and Europe, pot-grown in a controlled environment cabinet, reacted rapidly when sprayed with glutaraldehyde and in 3 h soluble leaf protein was reduced from 30 to 16–17% of the total N. The plants rapidly lost water and the dry matter of the leaves rose to 42% for Kabul and 45% for Europe in 24 h. Stems showed little effect. Field spraying of lucerne with glutaraldehyde similarly fixed soluble leaf protein and caused desiccation of the leaves, rising to 47–50% D. M. in 3 days. The stems were little affected and subsequent regrowth of the plants was not inhibited.Feeding glutaraldehyde- and formaldehyde-sprayed lucerne to rumen-fistulated cattle showed that release of soluble leaf protein into the rumen fluid was greatly reduced, mean values being 40 and 43% respectively of the values obtained when control lucerne was fed. Mean ammonia concentrations were similarly reduced to 49 and 33% of the control values. Formaldehyde-treated lucerne, even after reaction for several days, frequently showed toxic effects on rumen micro-organisms, particularly protozoa. Glutaraldehyde reacted more rapidly with herbage and no toxic effects were observed. Both glutaraldehyde- and formaldehyde-treated lucerne were highly palatable to cattle.

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Protection of leaf protein of lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) against degradation in the rumen by treatment with formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde

et al. 1980

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“…Spraying grass with HCHO substantially reduced the degradation of the constituent proteins (Barry 1971;Hemsley et al 1970;Sharkey et al 1972), and, with a suitable association of lipids and proteins, the HCHOprotein interaction could lead to the protection of the unsaturated fatty acid components of the grass galactolipids and phospholipids from lipolysis and biohydrogenation during rumen digestion (Hawke & Silcock 1970).…”

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Protection of the unsaturated fatty acids of dried grass against biohydrogenation in the rumen

Smeaton

Davey

Hawke

1977

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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Ryegrass (Latium sp.) , treated with HCHO (formaldehyde) after drying, was incubated with rumen fluid to examine the effect of HCHO treatment on biohydrogenation of the constituent unsaturated fatty acids. Increased levels of HCHO treatment in the range 0.5 to 2.0 g/100 g dried grass gave increasing protection of 18:3 from biohydrogenation and there was a maximum of about 85% 18:3 remaining unhydrogenated after 24-h incubations. Incubations using untreated grass converted most of the 18:3 to 18:1. Despite these observed reductions in biohydrogenation, the proportions of 18:2 and 18:3 in the milk fat did not increase when HCHO-treated dried grass was used in a paired-feeding experiment with monozygous twin cows. The changes in milk yield and milk composition were consistent with a reduced intake. 297

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Interactions between dietary protein, ovulation rate and follicle stimulating hormone level in the ewe

Davis

Brien

Findlay

et al. 1981

Animal Reproduction Science

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Some effects of formaldehyde treatment of hay on the production of Corriedale weaners fed in pens

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Protection of leaf protein of lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) against degradation in the rumen by treatment with formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde

Protection of leaf protein of lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) against degradation in the rumen by treatment with formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde

Protection of the unsaturated fatty acids of dried grass against biohydrogenation in the rumen

Interactions between dietary protein, ovulation rate and follicle stimulating hormone level in the ewe

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