Some concomitants of selfideal discrepancy measures of self-acceptance.

Kinkler, Ronald C.; Myers, Roger

doi:10.1037/h0039867

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Within a decade of the development of these measures, however, a number of investigators began to question the validity of the self-acceptance construct and the instruments used to measure it, on conceptual and methodological grounds. The major criticisms were that the construct was poorly defined, varying substantially across researchers and theorists, and that the instruments were conceptually unsound, poorly constructed, and confounded with social desirability (e.g., Block & Thomas, 1955;Crowne & Marlowe, 1964;Crowne & Stephens, 1961;Kinkler & Myers;Stone, 1964). Although only a few acceptance scales were used much beyond the studies in which they were developed-the rest being constructed for a specific research purpose and never again citedthe critics of acceptance measures tended to review them together.…”

Section: Measurement Of Acceptancementioning

confidence: 99%

Acceptance: An Historical and Conceptual Review

Williams

Lynn

2010

Imagination, Cognition and Personality

106

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Recognition of the value of acceptance of the self, others, and the flux of human experience, has philosophical and religious roots that date back thousands of years. The past two decades have witnessed a swell of interest in acceptance, as evidenced by an increase in acceptance-based therapeutic interventions, and a growing appreciation of the paradoxical nature of acceptance and personal change and the role of experiential avoidance in psychopathology. In this article we review historical and contemporary descriptions and definitions of acceptance, measures of acceptance, the relation between acceptance and change, and the role of acceptance in psychopathology and psychotherapy. Our central objective is to delineate a rich conceptual scheme that encompasses the diverse ways in which acceptance has been explicated in classical and contemporary writings, and to highlight the need for further validation of this useful and popular construct.

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Section: Measurement Of Acceptancementioning

confidence: 99%

Acceptance: An Historical and Conceptual Review

Williams

Lynn

2010

Imagination, Cognition and Personality

106

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“…Many researchers have devised their own instruments along similar lines-subjects are asked to evaluate their real self and their ideal self on a series of items, and a congruence or discrepancy score is then calculated. There is some evi-dence on the intercorrelation of these discrepancy'measures (Winkler & Myers, 1963).…”

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confidence: 99%

Issues of validity and reliability in the use of real–ideal discrepancy scores to measure self-regard.

Hoge

McCarthy

1983

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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The validity and reliability of real-ideal discrepancy scores as measures of selfregard are investigated using a large sample of adolescent subjects. Real selfratings are found to be superior to real-ideal discrepancy ratings in predicting several measures of global self-esteem and in predicting several measures of teachers' evaluations of the self-attitudes of the subjects. Further, similar-sized discrepancies do not translate into similar levels of self-regard at different points on scales of real self-evaluation, and the more dependent the discrepancy score is made on the real self-score relative to the ideal self-score, the more effective a predictor it is of global self-esteem. Finally, it is shown that the test-retest correlations are quite low for a real-ideal discrepancy scale. Researchers are cautioned against the use of such measures.

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“…A third way to view the consonance effects is in terms of their possible relationship to the process of anxiety induction. Winkler and Myers (1963) reported a significant relationship between Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale scores and Butler-Haigh Self-Ideal discrepancy (i.e., difference) scores. Earlier, Berger (1955) noted that self-acceptance was inversely related to the MMPI Ft scale, which, in turn, is positively correlated with the Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of test information upon self-evaluation in brief educational-vocational counseling.

Hills¹,

Williams²

1965

Journal of Counseling Psychology

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It was hypothesized that communication of educational-vocational test results brings about substantial positive changes in the self-perceptions of clients in brief counseling. Experimental measures were Self-Ideal-Ordinary (S-I-O) scores, obtained before and after counseling, or some phase of counseling. Self-perceplions of 45 clients who read written summaries of test results and who were given the S-I-O evaluation before completing counseling were compared with the self-perceptions of 40 clients who had completed the counseling procedure, and with the self-perceptions of clients receiving other counseling treatments. Results indicated that the communication of test results did not lead to positive changes in self-perception. Instead, it appeared that test results which differed from clients' preconceived notions of themselves had a negative effect.

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Some concomitants of selfideal discrepancy measures of self-acceptance.

Cited by 11 publications

References 14 publications

Acceptance: An Historical and Conceptual Review

Acceptance: An Historical and Conceptual Review

Issues of validity and reliability in the use of real–ideal discrepancy scores to measure self-regard.

Effects of test information upon self-evaluation in brief educational-vocational counseling.

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