Some Challenges in Gravity Related Research

Loon, Jack J. W. A. van; Jack, J W A

doi:10.3389/frspt.2020.00003

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The alternative is to operate on Earth, e.g., with simulated microgravity methods, as provided by parabolic flights, falling towers, rotating wall vessels, or random positioning machines. 105 Yet, these methods might only be able to give an approximate result compared to those in real space. Similar constraints about the validity of analog testing are given for on-Earth radiation studies, which aim to simulate space radiation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Space Medicines for Space Health

Tran

Toh

et al. 2022

ACS Med. Chem. Lett.

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Scientists from around the world are studying the effects of microgravity and cosmic radiation via the “off-Earth” International Space Station (ISS) laboratory platform. The ISS has helped scientists make discoveries that go beyond the basic understanding of Earth. Over 300 medical experiments have been performed to date, with the goal of extending the knowledge gained for the benefit of humanity. This paper gives an overview of these numerous space medical findings, critically identifies challenges and gaps, and puts the achievements into perspective toward long-term space traveling and also adding benefits to our home planet. The medical contents are trifold structured, starting with the well-being of space travelers (astronaut health studies), followed by medical formulation research under space conditions, and then concluding with a blueprint for space pharmaceutical manufacturing. The review covers essential elements of our Earth-based pharmaceutical research such as drug discovery, drug and formulation stability, drug–organ interaction, drug disintegration/bioavailability/pharmacokinetics, pathogen virulence, genome mutation, and body’s resistance. The information compiles clinical, medicinal, biological, and chemical research as well as fundamentals and practical applications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Space Medicines for Space Health

Tran

Toh

et al. 2022

ACS Med. Chem. Lett.

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Strategic Aspects of Space Medicine: A Journey from Conventional to Futuristic Requisites

Wani,

Prabhakar,

Shende

2024

Space Sci Technol

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Space-travel system comes with a number of difficulties that endanger the astronauts' survival in the intensely radiative environment by adversely affecting their physiological functions such as muscle deterioration, bone loss, kidney stones, infection, genetic disorder, and cardiovascular adaptation. The maintenance of pharmaceutical stability is a crucial parameter to prevent faster degradation processes of therapeutics, loss of active medication potency, and time-dependent alterations in pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies attributing to varied physiological changes under microgravity. The desired long shelf-life of medications and the stability studies cannot be completely based on terrestrial environment guidelines but rather include unique spaceflight conditions like microgravity, excessive radiation especially the galactic cosmic rays and solar particle events, vacuum, and variations in relative humidity. This review article mainly focuses on the sources and effects of instability-causing factors like humidity, temperature, radiation, and microgravity with cutting-edge solutions to address such problems using currently practiced methods and advanced future potential innovations. The future outlook of space medicine using technology as its backbone includes 3D printing, Bio-MOD systems, in vitro transcription, CRISPR, and tissue-on-chip and nano-implantable devices for the development of just-in-time and personalized medicines. The researchers and organizations around the globe like Translational Research Institute for Space Health (TRISH), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), European Space Agency (ESA), National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), and National Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB) are strategizing and envisaging the various vicissitudes for the development of space medicine.

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Some Challenges in Gravity Related Research

Cited by 2 publications

References 59 publications

Space Medicines for Space Health

Space Medicines for Space Health

Strategic Aspects of Space Medicine: A Journey from Conventional to Futuristic Requisites

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