Some Central Nervous System Effects of the aqueous Extract of the Leaves of &lt;i&gt;Phyllanthus Amarus&lt;/i&gt; Schum, (Euphorbiaceae).

., F. Amaechina; Omogbai, Eric K. I.

doi:10.4314/njnpm.v17i1.5

Cited by 14 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…Atropine (1 mg/kg) blocked the hypotensive effect of the aqueous extract in a competitive manner, which indicates that this effect is mediated by muscarinic receptors. The extract also dose‐dependently inhibited the intrinsic myogenic contraction of isolated rat portal vein (Amaechina & Omogbai, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

The effects of medicinal plants on muscarinic receptors in various types of smooth muscle

Gholamnezhad

Ghorani

Saadat

et al. 2018

Phytotherapy Research

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Pharmacological agents that can affect muscarinic receptors are commonly used to treat or manage various diseases. Medicinal plants have been used from ancient time to treat cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, respiratory, and urogenital disorders, which may related to their muscarinic receptors effects. Several pharmacological studies revealed the inhibitory or stimulatory effect of some herbal plants on muscarinic receptors. Medline, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and Google Scholar as online database were searched from the beginning of 1983 to March 2018 using following keywords: muscarinic receptor, medicinal plant, herbal medicine, and smooth muscle, animal, human, in vivo, and in vitro. The original studies in English language were included. Based on the results of the reviewed articles, more than 70 medicinal plants extracts or constituents affected muscarinic receptors (stimulatory or inhibitory) of smooth muscles in cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, respiratory, and urogenital systems. Among them, there are some tropical plant and herbs that have been traditionally used as food additive. The therapeutic properties of these plants may be regarded in treatment of cardiovascular (hypertension and tachycardia); gastrointestinal (diarrhea, colitis, and constipation); and urological (overactive bladder, abortion, and preterm labor) diseases. However, more clinical trials are needed to use some of these medicinal plants in clinical target therapy.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

The effects of medicinal plants on muscarinic receptors in various types of smooth muscle

Gholamnezhad

Ghorani

Saadat

et al. 2018

Phytotherapy Research

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“…Preparations of the mesenteric artery were obtained as described by Borges et al (1999), Abreu et al (2003) and Amaechina and Omogbai (2007) and ring segments (3 to 5 mm) of the superior mesenteric artery were placed between stainless steel wires (50 m in diameter) and immersed in an organ bath chamber (5 mL) containing Krebs nutritive solution (118 mM NaCl, 5 mM KCl, 1.2 mM MgCl2, 1.2 mM NaH2PO4, 15.5 mM NaHCO3, 2 mM CaCl2, and 11mM glucose, pH 7.4) at 37°C, equilibrated with 5% CO2/ 95% O2. The preparations were first equilibrated under a tension of 1.0 g and washed at intervals of 10 min, for 60 min.…”

Section: Tissue Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extract and chloroform fraction from Syzygium cumini leaves with vasorelaxant effect mediated by inhibition of calcium channels

Ribeiro¹,

Campos²,

Maia³

et al. 2018

Afr. J. Pharm. Pharmacol.

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Hypertension is associated with endothelial dysfunction characterized by decreased vasorelaxation. Our research group recently demonstrated that hydroalcoholic extract of Syzygium cumini leaves (HESc) reduces the blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). This study evaluated the ability of HESc and chloroform fraction (CF) in promoting vasorelaxation on resistance arteries rings. Endothelium-deprived superior mesenteric artery rings were suspended in organ baths containing warm perfusion medium that was continuously bubbled with carbogen and then the vasorelaxant ability of HESc and CF were assayed. The cumulative additions of HESc (0.1 to 10 mg/mL) caused a concentration-dependent relaxant response, in precontracted preparations by NE or KCl. CF (0.1 to 1.0 mg/mL) exhibited remarkable vasorelaxant activity in preparations endothelium-denuded precontracted with NE, in a concentration-dependent manner. The pretreatment of TEA did not decrease significantly in relaxation. The incubation of CF (0.25 and 0.5 mg/ml) reduced in a concentrationdependent way, the E max induced by NE in mesenteric artery, however, did not altered the pD 2 of the NE. Additionally, CF promoted concentration-dependent manner, maximal effect inhibition and also led to a significant rightward shift in the concentration-response curve for Ca 2+ in endothelium-denuded rings. This finding indicates that S. cumini acts as a vasorelaxant agent and interfere with the responsiveness of vascular smooth muscle cell, probably acting on the regulation of intracellular Ca 2+ levels through voltage-operated calcium channels.

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“…Phytochemical analysis of meniran extract gave a positive reaction for groups of carbohydrates, alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, steroids and tannins 4 that provide antioxidant activity 5 . Various studies on meniran extract showed that meniran extract was hypoglycemic, lowered cholesterol and triglycerides in alloxan-induced mice 6 and streptozotocin-induced 7 , hypotensive in male rabbits 8 . It can be used as the healing and / or prevention of infectious and degenerative diseases 9 , for improving insulin resistance in 10% sucrose-induced mice 10 , for providing anti-apoptotic effects and inhibiting inflammation 11 , and for reducing the weight of diabetic mice induced by alloxan 12,13 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Qualitative Analysis of Tannin Type and Tannin Content in Meniran Tea (Phyllanthus Niruri Linn.) with Permanganometry Method

Kosnayani¹,

Badriah²,

Akbar³

et al. 2019

Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Health Sciences (ICHS 2018)

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Meniran (Phyllanthus niruri Linn.) extract is known to be a source of antioxidants and non-toxic. The content of antioxidants in meniran is donated by tannin. The use of meniran (Phyllanthus niruri Linn.) extract as an herbal medicine has been widely used. Meniran (Phyllanthus niruri Linn.) can be brewed as tea and made into a drink, but the content of antioxidants in meniran tea is not widely known. The use of meniran (Phyllanthus niruri Linn.) tea can directly avoid the effects of residual solvents on extracting. The purpose of this study is to determine the type of tannin and tannin content in meniran (Phyllanthus niruri Linn.) tea with the permanganometry method. Meniran tea (Phyllanthus niruri Linn.) was made by washing and drying at room temperature. Meniran (Phyllanthus niruri Linn.) was collected from grass or roadside in the Tasikmalaya Regency. The research were conducted at the Basic Laboratory of the Faculty of Health Sciences, Siliwangi University. The results of the qualitative analysis showed that tannins contained in meniran tea are included in a group of hydrolyzed tannins with tannin content of catechol complex. The tannin content contained in 1 gram of meniran tea is 7.56 mg (7.56%).

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Some Central Nervous System Effects of the aqueous Extract of the Leaves of <i>Phyllanthus Amarus</i> Schum, (Euphorbiaceae).

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

The effects of medicinal plants on muscarinic receptors in various types of smooth muscle

The effects of medicinal plants on muscarinic receptors in various types of smooth muscle

Extract and chloroform fraction from Syzygium cumini leaves with vasorelaxant effect mediated by inhibition of calcium channels

A Qualitative Analysis of Tannin Type and Tannin Content in Meniran Tea (Phyllanthus Niruri Linn.) with Permanganometry Method

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