Some aspects of the aetiology, diagnosis and treatment of infertility in the bitch

Renton, J.P.; Munro, C.D.; Heathcote, R. H.; Carmichael, S.

doi:10.1530/jrf.0.0610289

Cited by 16 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In spite of normal oestradiol and progesterone values some bitches do not show overt behavioural signs and may be shy and refuse to accept coitus (Arthur, Noakes & Pearsson, 1982;Linde unpubl. ;Renton et al, 1981;Wildt el al., 1981). This indicates a psychological aberration rather than a hormonal one.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The correlation between the cytology of the vaginal smear and the time of ovulation in the bitch

Linde

Karlsson

1984

J of Small Animal Practice

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The correlation between the vaginal smear and the calculated time of ovulation was studied in 22 bitches, during a total of 24 heat periods. Blood plasma was analysed for levels of oestradiol and progesterone from 6 days before to 6 days after the day of maximum keratinization of the vaginal smear. In all 24 heat periods (100 per cent) maximum keratinization of the vaginal epithelial cells was observed at least 3 days after peak oestradiol levels and in 17 of the heat periods (70.8 per cent) maximum keratinization was seen when the peripheral plasma level of progesterone had increased to >5.44 ± 0.93 ng/ml, which has been calculated as the ovulatory level.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The correlation between the cytology of the vaginal smear and the time of ovulation in the bitch

Linde

Karlsson

1984

J of Small Animal Practice

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“…It has been suggested that the stage of the oestrous cycle affects response to hormonal treatment including eCG (Renton et al . ). Actually, we observed a variety of physiological and endocrinological changes after hormonal treatment in each bitch, but follicular growth was observed in all bitches and new follicular growth appeared from 2 to 8 days after the eCG/hCG administration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Follicular development of canine ovaries stimulated by a combination treatment of eCG and hCG

Hirata

Tanihara

Taniguchi

et al. 2018

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Ovarian follicular dynamics is not well known in dogs. Imaging of ovaries is technically difficult; however, ovaries clamped at a subcutaneous site can more easily be monitored using ultrasound imaging. This study investigated the follicular development of canine ovaries stimulated by hormone treatment using ultrasound imaging of the ovaries clamped at a subcutaneous site. Oestrus was induced using subcutaneous administration of 500 IU equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) and 1000 IU human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) (eCG/hCG). Five bitches were given 1000 IU hCG 11 days after eCG/hCG administration. Examinations with ovarian ultrasonography using a 7.5‐MHz sector transducer, vaginal cytology, and assays of serum oestrogen and progesterone were performed daily until 20 days after eCG/hCG administration. Serosanguineous vaginal discharges and vaginal cytology of two of the bitches were observed. New follicular growth (>1.0 mm in diameter) was observed in all bitches from 2 to 8 days after eCG/hCG administration. The mean diameter of follicles and maximum numbers of follicles per ovary ranged from 2.8 to 5.5 mm and 4 to 16, respectively. The elevation in oestrogen concentrations after eCG/hCG administration was observed in all bitches, and elevation in progesterone concentration (>2 ng mL−1) was observed in three bitches. However, no follicles ovulated until 9 days after hCG administration. In conclusion, although the number of examined bitches were limited, follicular growth in ovaries clamped at a subcutaneous site can be monitored using ultrasound imaging. Ovarian ultrasonography showed that eCG/hCG administration induced new follicular growth and hCG administration induced increases in oestrogen concentrations but not ovulation by hCG administration.

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“…Furthermore, oestrous induction is rarely used as a treatment for primary anoestrus, which is defined by the absence of an oestrous cycle by 24 months of age (Renton et al 1981;Gobello et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin and Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Stimulation Increase the Number of Luteinized Follicles and the Progesterone Level Compared with Cabergoline Stimulation in Anoestrus Bitches

Jurczak

Domosławska

Bukowska

et al. 2016

Reprod Domestic Animals

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Contents In this study, ovarian morphologies and blood progesterone concentrations following oestrous induction in bitches were examined. Fifty‐three clinically healthy anoestrus bitches received cabergoline at a daily dose of 5 μg/kg of body weight per os for 21 days (group I) or subcutaneous equine chorionic gonadotropin at a dose of 20 IU/kg of body weight for five consecutive days with an additional 500 IU s.c. per bitch of human chorionic gonadotropin on the last day of treatment (group II). Twenty bitches that spontaneously displayed oestrous signs were left untreated and served as controls (group III). The induced oestrous rates and ovulation rates in groups I and II were 60.0% vs 64.3% and 86.7% vs 83.3%, respectively. Morphological assessments of the ovarian structures after ovariohysterectomy revealed an increase in the number of luteinized follicles and cysts in group II compared with the two other groups (p < 0.001). In contrast, the numbers of corpora lutea and follicles were similar in all groups. In accordance with the above‐mentioned alteration, the progesterone concentration in the gonadotropin group (II) was increased (p < 0.001) in the periovulatory period compared with the other two groups. During the entire sampling period, the progesterone profiles in the cabergoline (I) and control (III) groups were similar and typical of normally cycling bitches. In conclusion, gonadotropin treatment is associated with an increased progesterone level during the periovulatory period that probably originates from luteinized follicles, whereas cabergoline treatment induces cycles with both physiological progesterone concentrations and ovarian morphologies.

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Some aspects of the aetiology, diagnosis and treatment of infertility in the bitch

Cited by 16 publications

References 6 publications

The correlation between the cytology of the vaginal smear and the time of ovulation in the bitch

The correlation between the cytology of the vaginal smear and the time of ovulation in the bitch

Follicular development of canine ovaries stimulated by a combination treatment of eCG and hCG

Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin and Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Stimulation Increase the Number of Luteinized Follicles and the Progesterone Level Compared with Cabergoline Stimulation in Anoestrus Bitches

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