Somatotopic organization of the medial wall of the cerebral hemispheres: a 3 Tesla fMRI study

Mayer, Andrew R.; Zimbelman, Janice L.; Watanabe, Yoshimasa; Rao, Stephen M.

doi:10.1097/00001756-200112040-00042

Cited by 29 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…PA pressure on the lumbar vertebrae also activated the SMA and related cingulate regions. Neuroimaging studies have described a rostral to caudal topography in SMA for performed foot, hand and face representation [Chainay et al, ; Mayer et al, ].The location of the sensory activation in the present study is anterior to the foot motor representation of [Chainay et al, ]. This finding is important as there is considerable evidence of involvement of SMA in postural control.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

The cortical and cerebellar representation of the lumbar spine

Boendermaker

Meier

Luechinger

et al. 2014

Human Brain Mapping

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Eight decades after Penfield's discovery of the homunculus only sparse evidence exists on the cortical representation of the lumbar spine. The aim of our investigation was the description of the lumbar spine's cortical representation in healthy subjects during the application of measured manual pressure. Twenty participants in the prone position were investigated during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). An experienced manual therapist applied non-painful, posterior-to-anterior (PA) pressure on three lumbar spinous processes (L1, L3, and L5). The pressure (30 N) was monitored and controlled by sensors. The randomized stimulation protocol consisted of 68 pressure stimuli of 5 s duration. Blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) responses were analyzed in relation to the lumbar stimulations. The results demonstrate that controlled PA pressure on the lumbar spine induced significant activation patterns. The major new finding was a strong and consistent activation bilaterally in the somatosensory cortices (S1 and S2). In addition, bilateral activation was located medially in the anterior cerebellum. The activation pattern also included other cortical areas probably related to anticipatory postural adjustments. These revealed stable somatosensory maps of the lumbar spine in healthy subjects can subsequently be used as a baseline to investigate cortical and subcortical reorganization in low back pain patients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

The cortical and cerebellar representation of the lumbar spine

Boendermaker

Meier

Luechinger

et al. 2014

Human Brain Mapping

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“…The increased fMRI activity of the supplementary motor area in nonmusicians compared to musicians is in line with previous results on motor learning [Hund‐Georgiadis and von Cramon, 1999]. This region is organized somatotopically [Indovina and Sanes, 2001; Mayer et al, 2001] and is mainly involved in execution of movements [Lee et al, 1999], but also plays a role in motor planning [Tanji, 1996]. Its activation during performance of movement sequences reflects mainly processing of ordinal properties [Schubotz and von Cramon, 2001; Ullen et al, 2003], which corresponds to the demands of the task used in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Laser scanning cytometry for the detection of neoplasia in urologic cytology specimens

Foster

Leiman

Schwarz

et al. 2004

Cancer

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“…This region is organized somatotopically [Indovina and Sanes, 2001;Mayer et al, 2001] and is mainly involved in execution of movements [Lee et al, 1999], but also plays a role in motor planning [Tanji, 1996]. Its activation during performance of movement sequences reflects mainly processing of ordinal properties [Schubotz and von Cramon, 2001;Ullen et al, 2003], which corresponds to the demands of the task used in the present study.…”

Section: Motor Areas Related To Long-term Practicementioning

confidence: 81%

Effects of long‐term practice and task complexity in musicians and nonmusicians performing simple and complex motor tasks: Implications for cortical motor organization

Meister¹,

Krings²,

Foltys³

et al. 2005

Human Brain Mapping

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Motor practice induces plastic changes within the cortical motor system. Whereas rapidly evolving changes of cortical motor representations were the subject of a number of recent studies, effects of long-term practice on the motor system are so far poorly understood. In the present study pianists and nonmusicians were investigated using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Both groups performed simple and complex movement sequences on a keyboard with the right hand, the tasks requiring different levels of ordinal complexity. The aim of this study was to characterize motor representations related to sequence complexity and to long-term motor practice. In nonmusicians, complex motor sequences showed higher fMRI activations of the presupplementary motor area (pre-SMA) and the rostral part of the dorsal premotor cortex (PMd) compared to simple motor sequences, whereas musicians showed no differential activations. These results may reflect the higher level of visuomotor integration required in the complex task in nonmusicians, whereas in musicians this rostral premotor network was employed during both tasks. Comparison of subject groups revealed increased activation of a more caudal premotor network in nonmusicians comprising the caudal part of the PMd and the supplementary motor area. This supports recent results suggesting a specialization within PMd. Furthermore, we conclude that plasticity due to long-term practice mainly occurs in caudal motor areas directly related to motor execution. The slowly evolving changes in M1 during motor skill learning may extend to adjacent areas, leading to more effective motor representations in pianists.

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Somatotopic organization of the medial wall of the cerebral hemispheres: a 3 Tesla fMRI study

Cited by 29 publications

References 22 publications

The cortical and cerebellar representation of the lumbar spine

The cortical and cerebellar representation of the lumbar spine

Laser scanning cytometry for the detection of neoplasia in urologic cytology specimens

Effects of long‐term practice and task complexity in musicians and nonmusicians performing simple and complex motor tasks: Implications for cortical motor organization

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