Somatic health in the Indigenous Sami population - a systematic review

Mienna, Christina Storm; Axelsson, Per

doi:10.1080/22423982.2019.1638195

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Our findings are in accordance with a more general finding from other recent epidemiological studies, that there are only small or no differences between the Sami and non-Sami population in Norway regarding somatic health [47] and cardiovascular risk factors [32,33]. These favorable findings are usually explained by minor differences between the ethnic groups in socioeconomic factors (e.g., income, education), and cardiovascular risk factors and life style.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

A descriptive study of ten-year longitudinal changes in weight and waist circumference in the multi-ethnic rural Northern Norway. The SAMINOR Study, 2003-2014

Jacobsen¹,

Melhus²,

Kvaløy³

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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The obesity epidemic is dynamic with varying secular trends and differences between countries and ethnic groups. The objective of this study was to describe the age-and sex-specific longitudinal changes in weight and waist circumference in a rural Norwegian population with a high proportion of the indigenous Sami population. Based on two population-based surveys, SAMINOR 1 (2003-2004) and SAMINOR 2 (2012-2014), we present longitudinal changes in weight and waist circumference according to age at baseline in the SAMINOR 1 Survey and sex during the 10-year period. The analyses included 1538 men and 1958 women aged 36 to 69 at baseline (birth year 1934 to 1967). Forty-one percent of the population were Sami. Both weight and waist circumference were measured. The mean weight increased 0.8 kg (95% confidence interval: 0.5, 1.1) in men and 0.3 kg (95% confidence interval: 0, 0.5) in women. In both men and women, younger individuals gained significantly more weight during the 10-year follow-up than older participants (p < 0.001). The mean weight showed a statistically significant increase in men aged 36-54 and women aged 36-49 at baseline and was statistically significantly reduced in men and women aged 60-69. The mean waist circumference increased by 6.3 cm (95% confidence interval: 6.0, 6.6) in men and 8.4 cm (95% confidence interval 8.1, 8.8) in women. The mean waist circumference increased statistically significantly from SAMINOR 1 to SAMINOR 2 in all age groups, and there was an inverse relationship between age at baseline and change in waist circumference (p < 0.001). Waist circumference increased more than can be explained by changes in weight and age during the 10-year period. The inverse relationships between age at baseline in SAMINOR 1 and the 10-year change in weight and waist circumference were found in both Sami and non-Sami participants. The findings underline the need for prevention of obesity, particularly in younger people, as it is difficult to achieve permanent weight loss.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

A descriptive study of ten-year longitudinal changes in weight and waist circumference in the multi-ethnic rural Northern Norway. The SAMINOR Study, 2003-2014

Jacobsen¹,

Melhus²,

Kvaløy³

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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“…Due to social transformations bringing along dietary changes, high smoking levels and pollution among others, obesity rates and prevalence of CVD among indigenous circumpolar peoples have been increasing within the last century at a higher rate than observed in surrounding populations [ 21 ]. In this context, the overall minimal disparities between the Sami and their non-Sami counterparts in Norway, Sweden and Finland are unique [ 50 ]. Results from our review suggest small nutritional differences in intake of fat, protein and certain foods between Sami and non-Sami, and no differences or lower levels of certain cardiometabolic risk factors and diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sami dietary habits and the risk of cardiometabolic disease: a systematic review

Dahl

Dalgård

2021

International Journal of Circumpolar Health

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This systematic literary review investigates if an association between Sami dietary habits and cardiometabolic outcomes exists, and examines the dietary characteristics and cardiometabolic status of the Sami population. Included were all articles assessing Sami dietary habits and cardiometabolic disease or risk factors. Embase, Medline and SweMed were searched on 26 September 2019 and articles were screened for eligibility in October 2019. Data were extracted according to Moose Guidelines and the Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to assess risk of bias. The initial search generated 4,195 articles in total. Nine articles met all inclusion criteria. Two were cohort studies and seven were cross-sectional. Rating by NOS ranked from 2/7 to 8/9 stars. The studies were largely descriptive and only few had results regarding a direct association between Sami dietary habits and cardiometabolic outcomes. The findings demonstrated no association between consumption of certain Sami food items and blood-lipids or mortality from CVD/CHD. A higher intake of fat, protein, reindeer-meat and coffee and a slightly lower blood pressure and mortality from CVD/CHD was seen among Sami compared with non-Sami. The limited amount and descriptive nature of the eligible articles indicate that resaerch within the fielt is limited. Thus, additional longitudinal studies are suggested.

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“…From traditional occupations linked to reindeer herding, hunting, fishing and farming, employment of most Sami today are similar to non-Sami living in the same geographical areas. Somatic health is also fairly similar comparing the two ethnic groups 8…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Weight underestimation linked to anxiety and depression in a cross-sectional study of overweight individuals in a Sami and non-Sami Norwegian population: the SAMINOR Study

Kvaløy

Melhus²,

Silviken

et al. 2019

BMJ Open

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ObjectivesUnderestimation of overweight/obesity may prevent weight loss attempts, resulting in further weight gain and maintenance of overweight. Mental health benefits may nevertheless surpass negative consequences. Our main objective was to study the association between underestimation of overweight/obesity and symptoms of anxiety and depression in Sami and non-Sami populations.DesignPopulation-based cross-sectional study.SettingThe SAMINOR 2 Clinical Study with participants from 10 municipalities in Northern Norway enrolled between 2012 and 2014.ParticipantsThe study included 3266 adults of multiethnic rural origin with overweight/obesity (body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2) whereof 1384 underestimated their weight (42%).Primary and secondary outcome measuresPrimary outcome measure was symptoms of anxiety and depression and secondary outcome measures were BMI and the demographic variables: sex, age, education and marital status.ResultsA higher proportion of Sami men compared with non-Sami men were obese, and reported more symptoms of anxiety and depression. More men than women, and a higher proportion of Sami women compared with non-Sami women, underestimated their weight. Multivariable-adjusted analyses showed that women were less likely to underestimate their weight compared with men (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.55 in Sami and OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.26 to 0.42 in non-Sami), higher BMI was protective against weight underestimation (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.69 to 0.75 in Sami and OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.60 to 0.67 in non-Sami), slightly higher odds of weight underestimation were observed with increasing age in both ethnic groups (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.05 in Sami and OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.03 in non-Sami), while higher education lowered the odds in non-Sami (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.55 to 0.87). Weight underestimation was protectively associated with anxiety and depression in Sami men (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.27 to 0.84) and in non-Sami women (OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.25 to 0.78) adjusted for age, BMI, education and marital status.ConclusionsIndependent of ethnicity, more men than women underestimated their weight. Underestimation of weight was protectively associated with anxiety and depression in Sami men and non-Sami women.

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Somatic health in the Indigenous Sami population - a systematic review

Cited by 20 publications

References 48 publications

A descriptive study of ten-year longitudinal changes in weight and waist circumference in the multi-ethnic rural Northern Norway. The SAMINOR Study, 2003-2014

A descriptive study of ten-year longitudinal changes in weight and waist circumference in the multi-ethnic rural Northern Norway. The SAMINOR Study, 2003-2014

Sami dietary habits and the risk of cardiometabolic disease: a systematic review

Weight underestimation linked to anxiety and depression in a cross-sectional study of overweight individuals in a Sami and non-Sami Norwegian population: the SAMINOR Study

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