A descriptive study of ten-year longitudinal changes in weight and waist circumference in the multi-ethnic rural Northern Norway. The SAMINOR Study, 2003-2014

Abstract

The obesity epidemic is dynamic with varying secular trends and differences between countries and ethnic groups. The objective of this study was to describe the age-and sex-specific longitudinal changes in weight and waist circumference in a rural Norwegian population with a high proportion of the indigenous Sami population. Based on two population-based surveys, SAMINOR 1 (2003-2004) and SAMINOR 2 (2012-2014), we present longitudinal changes in weight and waist circumference according to age at baseline in the SAMINOR 1 Survey and sex during the 10-year period. The analyses included 1538 men and 1958 women aged 36 to 69 at baseline (birth year 1934 to 1967). Forty-one percent of the population were Sami. Both weight and waist circumference were measured. The mean weight increased 0.8 kg (95% confidence interval: 0.5, 1.1) in men and 0.3 kg (95% confidence interval: 0, 0.5) in women. In both men and women, younger individuals gained significantly more weight during the 10-year follow-up than older participants (p < 0.001). The mean weight showed a statistically significant increase in men aged 36-54 and women aged 36-49 at baseline and was statistically significantly reduced in men and women aged 60-69. The mean waist circumference increased by 6.3 cm (95% confidence interval: 6.0, 6.6) in men and 8.4 cm (95% confidence interval 8.1, 8.8) in women. The mean waist circumference increased statistically significantly from SAMINOR 1 to SAMINOR 2 in all age groups, and there was an inverse relationship between age at baseline and change in waist circumference (p < 0.001). Waist circumference increased more than can be explained by changes in weight and age during the 10-year period. The inverse relationships between age at baseline in SAMINOR 1 and the 10-year change in weight and waist circumference were found in both Sami and non-Sami participants. The findings underline the need for prevention of obesity, particularly in younger people, as it is difficult to achieve permanent weight loss.

The association of the age, period, and birth cohort with 15-year changes in body mass index and waist circumference in adults: Tehran lipid and glucose study (TLGS)

“…A large body of evidence suggests that weight, BMI, and WC increase throughout most of adult life [14][15][16][17], which is in line with our findings regarding the positive association of aging with obesity measures, observed in both genders. A prospective longitudinal study in Norway recently showed that mean weight in middle-aged men and women (aged 26-54 years) increased significantly during a 10-year follow-up while it reduced in elderly men and women (aged 60-69 years); however, mean WC increased throughout the follow up in all age groups [18]. The recent findings were completely in accordance with those of the present study.…”

10-Year Weight Gain in 13,802 US Adults: The Role of Age, Sex, and Race

“…In a 2020 study by Jacobsen et al [24], two populationbased investigations were joined, the first, SAMINOR 1 (2003-2004), and the second, SAMINOR 2 (2012-2014). A total of 3496 adults participated in both surveys.…”

Secular changes in the waist, hips circumferences and selected associated indicators, among preschool children from Kraków (Poland), between 1983 and 2018

“…Regrettably, not all secular changes associated with progress of civilisation are positive. Substantial increase in not only BMI, but also the prevalence of abdominal obesity as well as the intergenerational increase of waist circumference noted in the last decades in various populations are among examples of such changes (Arora et al, 2017; Dasgupta et al, 2008; Freedman et al, 2017; Jacobsen et al, 2020; Rerksuppaphol & Rerksuppaphol, 2014; Singhal et al, 2010; Suder et al, 2017; Zhai et al, 2017).…”