Somatic Embryogenesis in Wheat

Carman, John G.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-78643-3_1

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…On the other hand the highest contribution of rainfall to the CF performance was in period 1, from flowering to the medium milk stage, when air temperatures were the highest (Table 2). Drought and heat stress may influence competence by modifying endogenous hormone and energy levels in explants and in the tissues that give rise to them (Carman, 1995). Jiménez and Bangerth (2001) reported that embryogenic callus had higher concentrations of endogenous free indoleacetic acid (IAA), in comparison to the concentrations found in nonembryogenic callus.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although immature embryos are widely recognised as the most suitable explants to regenerate wheat plants (Bohorova et al, 1995;Kintzios et al, 1996;Li et al, 2003;Haliloglu et al, 2005), environmental conditions influencing the physiological status of field grown donor plants from which embryos were collected could be a limiting factor of their quality (Carman et al, 1988;Carman, 1995). Embryogenic competence of immature Sci.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphogenetic responses of embryo culture of wheat related to environment culture conditions of the explant donor plant

Dodig

Zorić

Mitić

et al. 2010

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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Availability of immature embryos as explants to establish wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) by tissue culture can be limited by climatic factors and the lack of high quality embryos frequently hampers experimentation. This study evaluates the effects of rainfall, various temperature-based variables and sunshine duration on tissue culture response (TCR) traits including callus formation (CF), regenerating calli (RC), and number of plants per embryo (PPE) for 96 wheat genotypes of worldwide origin. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the significance of a particular climatic factor on TCR traits and to determine the period of wheat growth during which these factors were the most effective. The genotypes were grown in an experimental field during three seasons differing in meteorological conditions. The relationships between TCR traits and climatic factors within three time periods of wheat growth: 2, 6 and 10 weeks prior to embryo sampling were analysed by biplot analysis. The tissue culture traits were influenced at very different degrees by climatic factors: from 16.8% (RC) to 69.8% (CF). Donor plant environment with high temperatures and low rainfalls reduced (p < 0.05) the tissue culture performance of wheat genotypes. Callus formation was most sensitive to the temperature based factors. The environmental conditions between flowering and the medium milk stage were the most important for CF, while RC and PPE were not particularly related to any period. Key words: Triticum aestivum L., biplot, correlation analysis, environment variable, growth periodRespostas morfogenéticas de embriões de trigo em função do ambiente de cultivo da planta doadora de explantes RESUMO: A disponibilidade de embriões imaturos para estabelecer plantas de trigo (Triticum aestivum L.) por cultura de tecido pode ser limitada por fatores climáticos, e a falta de embriões de alta qualidade frequentemente dificulta a experimentação. Avaliou-se o efeito da chuva, de variáveis baseadas em temperatura e duração do brilho solar na resposta da cultura de tecido (RCT), incluindo a formação de calos (FC), regeneração dos calos (RC) e número de plantas por embrião (NPPE), para 96 genótipos de trigo. Os objetivos foram a procura de algum fator climatico específico em alguma característica da RCT e a determinação do período do desenvolvimento do trigo no qual estes fatores são mais eficazes. Os genótipos foram obtidos num campo experimental durante três estações climáticas. As relações entre as características da RTC e os fatores de clima dentro de três períodos de desenvolvimento do trigo (2, 6 e 10 semanas) antes da amostragem dos embriões foram analisadas pela técnica "biplot". As características das culturas de tecido foram influenciadas em diferentes graus pelos fatores climáticos: de 16.8% (RC) para 69.8% (FC). Ambientes da planta doadora com alta temperatura e pouca chuva reduziram (p < 0.05) o desempenho dos genótipos de trigo. A FC foi mais sensível aos fatores baseados em temperatura. As condições ambientais entre o florescime...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphogenetic responses of embryo culture of wheat related to environment culture conditions of the explant donor plant

Dodig

Zorić

Mitić

et al. 2010

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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“…None or other auxin-like compounds have been shown to induce somatic embryo differentiation and shoot formation. Germination of somatic embryos is usually induced on hormone-free medium or medium that contains low concentrations of auxin or of auxin and cytokinin (Carman 1995). In the present study we also tested the effect 2,4-D and Picloram in terms of callus induction and regeneration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Factors affecting plant regeneration from immature inflorescence of two winter wheat cultivars

Kavas¹,

Öktem²,

Yücel³

2008

Biologia plant.

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Inflorescence explants of two winter wheat cultivars, Triticum durum cv. Kızıltan-91 and T. aestivum cv. Bezostaja-01, were used to evaluate the effects of vernalization period of donor plants, callus age and medium composition on regeneration capacity. Donor plants were grown for 7 d and they were exposed to 4 ºC for 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 weeks. The maximum inflorescence formation was observed as 79 % at 4 weeks and 73 % at 5 weeks of vernalization period for Kızıltan-91 and Bezostaja-01, respectively. Among 6 different callus induction and regeneration mediums, I 1 -R 1 and I 3 -R 3 have to be the best responding mediums for Kızıltan-91 and Bezostaja-01, respectively. In Kızıltan-91, calli induced from donor plants, vernalized for 3 weeks, showed a significantly lower regeneration capacity than counterparts vernalized for 4 and 5 weeks. The highest regeneration capacity of 69 % was obtained from 6-week-old calli produced from 4 weeks vernalized Kızıltan-91 donor plants. In contrast to Kızıltan-91 cultures, the effects of vernalization period and callus age on regeneration capacity were not significant in Bezostaja-01 cultures. The maximum numbers of tillers were obtained from 6-and 15-week-old calli for Bezostaja-01 and Kızıltan-91, respectively. In contrast to vernalization period of donor plants, callus age had no effect on seed number.

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“…Durum wheat (Triticum durum L.) is used primarily for macaroni and pasta. Wheat is still subject to many diseases which makes genetic engineering an appealing biotechnology for wheat improvement (Carman, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Biochemical Genetic Study of Resistance to Fusarium Culmorum in Some Wheat Egyptian Varieties

Yacout

El-Sahregy

El-Haddad

et al. 2007

Journal of Plant Production

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The present work aims to study the biochemical genetic background of wheat resistance to the pathogen; Fusarium culmorum in four Egyptian wheat (Triticum aestivum) varieties, i.e. Sids 1, Sids 8, Sids 9 and Giza 167 by means of tissue culture techniques. It included the study of effects for two concentrations of F. culmorum toxic filtrate (10% and 20%) on peroxidase isoenzymes and protein amino acids in treated calli and regenerated wheat plants. All genotypes turned to be very sensitive to the toxic filtrate, but the level of sensitivity was proven to depend upon on genotype. Gene expression of peroxidase isoenzymes varied in number and activity of isoenzymes. Treated calli revealed a markedly decrease in the concentration of some amino acids e.g. alanine, argnine and an increase in other amino acids as valine.

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Somatic Embryogenesis in Wheat

Cited by 5 publications

References 35 publications

Morphogenetic responses of embryo culture of wheat related to environment culture conditions of the explant donor plant

Morphogenetic responses of embryo culture of wheat related to environment culture conditions of the explant donor plant

Factors affecting plant regeneration from immature inflorescence of two winter wheat cultivars

In Vitro Biochemical Genetic Study of Resistance to Fusarium Culmorum in Some Wheat Egyptian Varieties

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