Somatic Embryogenesis in Olive

Sánchez-Romero, Carolina

doi:10.3390/plants10030433

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 53 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…The information generated using SNP-based approaches may allow us to discover genes/alleles useful for enhancing target traits, while new advanced biotechnologies, such as transformation-based editing methods, allow us to transfer them to elite cultivars. Improvements in transformation and regeneration protocols in a recalcitrant species such as the olive are continually reported, and important traits such as resistance to fungi, flowering, or lipid composition, have already been successfully manipulated [96][97][98].…”

Section: Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Status of Genetic Resources and Olive Breeding in Tunisia

Debbabi

Amar

Rahmani

et al. 2022

Plants

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The olive tree, an iconic symbol of the Mediterranean basin, is the object of growing international interest in the production of olive oil for the world food market. In Tunisia, which is the fourth-largest producer of olive oil in the world, the production of olives and olive oil is of great socio-economic importance. Cultivation is widespread from north to south, but it is carried out using traditional techniques that results in extremely irregular production levels. To maintain their competitiveness on the international market, Tunisian producers must improve the quality of the oil through breeding plans that enhance the rich genetic heritage that is still not adequately exploited. The objective of this review is to present the state of olive breeding in Tunisia, illustrating the opportunities available for a better use of the rich Tunisian genetic heritage, the challenges it must face, and the need to multiply the efforts for sustainability, even in the light of the challenges posed by climate changes.

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Section: Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Status of Genetic Resources and Olive Breeding in Tunisia

Debbabi

Amar

Rahmani

et al. 2022

Plants

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“…As the stress induced by plant growth regulators, nutrient, oxygenic, desiccation and other signalling elements during in vitro culture lead to vegetative cells transformation into embryos via activation/deactivation of genes and transcriptional networks (Feher 2015), different species/genotype/ explant reaction is easy to explain. Genotype-dependent somatic embryogenesis was described in several ornamental and economically important species (e.g., Chengalrayan et al 1998;Mishra and Khurana 2003;Fiuk and Rybczyński 2008;Santos et al 2018;Sánchez-Romero 2021). In olive several different protocols for somatic embryogenesis were developed with varied efficiency, depending on the genotype, limiting standardization and the applicability (Sánchez-Romero 2021).…”

Section: Is Somatic Embryogenesis In P Vulgaris Genotype-dependent?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotype-dependent mass somatic embryogenesis: a chance to recover extinct populations of Pulsatilla vulgaris Mill.

Żabicka

Żabicki

Słomka

et al. 2021

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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The paper presents a technique for micropropagation of endangered in Europe and extinct in Poland Pulsatilla vulgaris for ex situ conservation of the genetic resources. Genotype-dependent induction of somatic embryogenesis and rooting was revealed in series of two experiments (I and II) performed under the same experimental conditions. Shoot tips of seedlings were the best explants in both experiments and Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.25 or 0.5 mg L−1 BAP was suitable for induction of somatic embryos (SE) and adventitious shoots. Mass SE was obtained in experiment I after explants transfer on ½ MS (2% sucrose) + 0.45 mg L−1 B1 and extending culture to 2–3 months without passages. Rooting of adventitious shoots was a critical point. Out of seven rooting media used in experiment I, only two, ½ MS hormone free (2% sucrose) + 0.45 mg L−1 B1 or MS + 5 mg L−1 NAA + 3.76 mg L−1 B2 resulted in altogether 36.4% rooted shoots. In experiment II, somatic embryogenesis, rooting and acclimatization of adventitious shoots failed. Regenerated plantlets and seedlings converted from SE from experiment I were acclimatized to ex vitro conditions. Both genome size, determined by flow cytometry, and genetic diversity analyzed by ISSR markers, confirmed the compatibility of regenerants from experiment I with P. vulgaris initial seedlings and commercial cultivar. Regenerants obtained in experiment II differed genetically from the regenerants of experiment I and cultivar. Propagated in vitro tissues/organs (SE, adventitious shoots) of P. vulgaris could be a source of material for cryopreservation, artificial seed production and/or for acclimatization of regenerated plantlets and could be used for restoration of the extinct populations. Key Message The micropropagation technique via organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis of endangered in Europe pasqueflower was developed as a tool for species recovery. The critical point is that somatic embryogenesis is genotype-dependent, which affects the repeatability of the experiments and also imposes applying molecular techniques to confirm the genetic fidelity of the regenerants with the initial material and other genotypes.

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“…Somatic embryogenesis is a morphogenetic process through which somatic cells produce a bipo lar structure morphologically similar to the zygotic embryo called a 'somatic embryo' able to develop into a whole plant (Neumann et al, 2009). Actually, this process has become a common technique for in vitro regeneration allowing the application of several biotechnological tools of improvement and conserva tion such as genetic transformation, in vitro selection and cryopreservation of various species and inter esting genotypes (SánchezRomero, 2021). Most of the established works on somatic embryogenesis in olive consider three main steps starting with the establishment of embryogenic cultures combining the induction and proliferation of calli, followed by a phase of expression and development of structured embryos ready to be converted into whole plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of cultural conditions on germination of olive (Olea europaea L.) somatic embryos and plantlets development from the Algerian cultivar Chemlal

et al. 2022

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The in vitro propagation techniques are currently a commercial alternative for the production of plants with good quality in several plant species, including the olive tree (Olea europaea L.). Somatic embryogenesis is the process practically used for the application of several biotechnological tools of improvement and in vitro plant regeneration via the germination of somatic embryos. Our work aims to evaluate the effect of the chemical and hormonal composition of the culture medium on the germination of olive somatic embryos (cv. Chemlal) as well as the micropropagation of the obtained plantlets before their acclimatization to natural conditions. The results indicated that the production of olive plants by somatic embryogenesis depends strongly on the genotype of the somatic embryos (cell line) and more on the culture conditions, particularly the presence of growth regulators. Indeed, a solid OM medium supplemented with hormones (BA and IBA) permitted an advanced root emergence and germination allowing the production of well-developed plants with several leaves. In addition, an OM medium supplemented with Zeatin and IBA allowed better reactivity of micro-cuttings producing well-developed shoots with several emitted roots which facilitates their further acclimatization to natural conditions.

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Somatic Embryogenesis in Olive

Cited by 8 publications

References 53 publications

The Status of Genetic Resources and Olive Breeding in Tunisia

The Status of Genetic Resources and Olive Breeding in Tunisia

Genotype-dependent mass somatic embryogenesis: a chance to recover extinct populations of Pulsatilla vulgaris Mill.

Impact of cultural conditions on germination of olive (Olea europaea L.) somatic embryos and plantlets development from the Algerian cultivar Chemlal

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