Somatic cell count as a monitoring system for hygienicmilk production in India: A review

Jadhav, P. V.; Tarate, S. B.; Mani, Bhuvana; Das, Debanand; Shome, Bibek Ranjan

doi:10.18805/ajdfr.v35i4.6624

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Therefore, there is lot of variation in the definition of the SCC limits by various researchers in India to detect subclinical mastitis in cows. The values reported by various researchers show a wide variation ranging from 1.22 lakh cells/ml to 15.51 lakh cells/ ml of the milk however the major observations revolve around 4 lakh cells/ml to 2 lakh cells/ml (Jadhav et al, 2016). This variation may be attributed to the pathophysiological and immunological status of an animal.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…SCC in milk is influenced by many factors, such as species of animal, milk production level, lactation stage , environmental factors and management practices (Malik et al, 2018). The supply of milk with higher SCC is a constant risk for the diary industry considering the current system of dairy management (Jadhav et al, 2016). Quantification of SCC during illness of a lactating cow helps in determination of quality of milk as well as for early identification of subclinical and clinical mastitis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Extra-mammary Diseases on Udder Health and Biochemical Changes in Crossbred Cows with Subclinical Mastitis

Ulla¹,

Kotresh²,

Krishna³

et al. 2021

AJDFR

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Background: Infectious diseases and metabolic disorders are common in crossbred cows and adversely affect optimum production as well as quality of milk. The quality of milk plays a significant role in the production of high-quality dairy products. High somatic cell count (SCC) in the milk significantly decreases the potential of such milk for the production of high quality dairy products. In this study, it is hypothesized that the extra-mammary infections and metabolic disorders increase probability of intra-mammary infections thereby increasing somatic cell count in the milk making it unsuitable for dairy industry.Methods: Cows were grouped based on the diseases or disorders like Teat Stenosis (Gp SCM-TS), Ruminal Acidosis (Gp SCM-RA), Nonspecific Diarrhea (Gp SCM-ND), Respiratory Tract Infections (Gp SCM-RTI) and Repeat Breeder Syndrome (Gp SCM-RD). Diagnosis of subclinical mastitis was made on the basis of California Mastitis Test (CMT) scores and by Somatic Cell Count (SCC) by automatic somatic cell counter. Biochemical parameters analyzed in automatic biochemical analyzer using commercially available kits.Result: The mean SCC values significantly higher in cows with sublinical mastitis and with concurrent infectious and metabolic diseases. Similarly, the concentrations of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate amino transferase (AST), and alanine amino transferase (ALT) were higher in affected cows. Concentrations of serum total proteins (TP) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) in all the groups of affected animals were higher. The changes in the calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) levels were not observed in cows with subclinical mastitis and with other diseases under study. The SCC values did not correlate with the values of ALP, AST, ALT, TP, BUN, Ca and P among the studied groups. It can be concluded that animals with concurrent infections and metabolic disorders increase the SCC and influence the alteration in the biochemical parameters of subclinical mastitic animals.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Extra-mammary Diseases on Udder Health and Biochemical Changes in Crossbred Cows with Subclinical Mastitis

Ulla¹,

Kotresh²,

Krishna³

et al. 2021

AJDFR

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“…plasmin which is a native protease of milk with an optimal activity of 37 °C present in the udder even before the cow is milked), can hydrolyze α and β caseins. Lipases also are increased, and as a result there are increasing levels of free fatty acids and shortchain fatty acids, leading to defects in dairy products, such as rancidity (Jadhav et al, 2016).…”

Section: Changes In Milk Associated With a High Sccmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mastitis, somatic cell count, and its impact on dairy-product quality… An omission in Colombia?: A review

Riveros-Galán

Obando-Chaves

2020

Rev. colomb. cienc. pecu.

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Mastitis is the most common disease in dairy herds and the main cause of economic losses in milk production worldwide. This inflammatory reaction of the mammary gland affects the quantity, composition and quality of milk produced and its suitability for the dairy industry. Despite of its importance, Colombia has no regulations on somatic cell count (SCC); that is, no official upper limits have been established for the dairy industry. The current quality-based payment system for raw milk does not encourage local producers to reduce the level of somatic cells. Consequently, Colombia is at a disadvantage compared to countries that include this parameter in their payment schemes and subscribe to international free trade agreements, affecting the competitiveness of the Colombian dairy sector. This article reviews the types of somatic cells, the microbiology of mastitis, its etiology and diagnosis, the changes that generate the composition of milk, and the impact of high SCCs on the quality of dairy products, such as yogurt, cheese, and milk powder. The final section offers a reflection on the problem of high SCCs in Colombia and the lack of regulations in this regard.

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“…The high number of somatic cells is found because the mammary epithelial cells mount defense mechanism against invading pathogens by detecting their ligands and initiate appropriate immune responses [ 2 ]. Although the somatic cells in milk increase in IMI, they may in few numbers be normally secreted in the milk regularly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Threshold somatic cell count for delineation of subclinical mastitis cases

et al. 2018

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Aim:Somatic cell count (SCC) is the most widely used single reliable indicator of udder health. The present study was carried out with an objective to find the exact threshold of SCC.Materials and Methods:Milk samples collected from a total of 214 Holstein Friesian crossbred dairy animals were subjected to bacterial DNA extraction and SCC estimation by digital PortaCheck. California Mastitis Test and polymerase chain reaction based on amplification of organism using reported primers were performed to diagnose subclinical mastitis. Receiver’s operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and discriminate function analyses were performed using SPSS 18 software.Results:ROC curve analysis represented that the area under the curve was 0.930 with the standard error of 0.02. Results indicated that 93% of the case could be correctly predicted as mastitis infected using SCC as a marker (p<0.001). At cut score level of 282 000 cells/ml, 285,000 cells/ml and 288,000 cells/ml, sensitivity remained 92.6% and specificity augmented as 86.3%, 87.2%, and 88%, respectively. At SCC value of 310,000 cells/ml of milk, sensitivity and specificity were optimal, namely, 92.6% and 91.5%, respectively. The function fitted demonstrated 89.2% accuracy with p<0.001. The functions at group centroids were −0.982 and 1.209, respectively, for normal and mastitis-infected animals and log_SCC value was the most important factor contributing 38.30% of the total distance measured.Conclusion:Our study supports that the threshold value to delineate subclinical mastitis case from the normal is 310,000 somatic cells/ml of milk and a model so fitted using the variable SCC can be successfully used in field for the diagnosis of subclinical cases of mastitis which otherwise would be difficult to differentiate based on clinical signs.

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Somatic cell count as a monitoring system for hygienicmilk production in India: A review

Cited by 11 publications

References 27 publications

Effect of Extra-mammary Diseases on Udder Health and Biochemical Changes in Crossbred Cows with Subclinical Mastitis

Effect of Extra-mammary Diseases on Udder Health and Biochemical Changes in Crossbred Cows with Subclinical Mastitis

Mastitis, somatic cell count, and its impact on dairy-product quality… An omission in Colombia?: A review

Threshold somatic cell count for delineation of subclinical mastitis cases

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