Somaclonal variation of sugar beet resistant to pathogenic root rot Fusarium oxysporum var. orthoceras

Abstract

Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) - one of the most important crop in the world. In Kazakhstan, it is a traditional and major source of domestic sugar. The industry of cultivation and production of sugar beet is one of the priority areas of agricultural development of the country. In this paper, we studied the regeneration ability of different genotypes of sugar beet explants on selective media with the culture filtrate of the pathogen fungus F. oxysporum var. orthoceras. From the roots and shoots of sugar beet the pathogen Fusarium root rot was isolated. Was obtained pure cultures of the isolated pathogen. As a result, of morphological and cultural descriptions, as well as microbiological analysis it was revealed that the isolated pathogen is Fusarium Oxysporum. The results showed the pathogenicity of the fungus. For regeneration in vitro of the sugar beet genotypes resistant to the pathogen the culture media was optimized to the culture filtrate of the fungus F. oxysporum var. orthoceras. The frequency of shoot regeneration, depending on the genotype, was 1,0-12,5 %. On these explants the multiple shoot formations were observed.

Two sugar beet chitinase genes,BvSP2andBvSE2, analysed with SNP Amplifluor-like markers, are highly expressed after Fusarium root rot inoculations and field susceptibility trial

“…In Moldova and Southern Kazakhstan, F. oxysporum was previously determined ( Lupashku & Mereniuc, 2010 ; Urazaliev et al, 2013 ) to be a cause of Fusarium RR in sugar beet, where three major strains of F. oxysporum Sch., No. 5, 50 and 150, were isolated ( Maui, 2002 ).…”

“…An identical five-point scoring system was applied in both the laboratory tests and the field trial, as follows: 0— Highly resistant (disease development 0–15% of plants); 1— Stable (disease development 16–30% of plants); 2— Average resistance (disease development 31–50% of plants); 3— Susceptible (disease development 51–70% of plants); 4— Highly susceptible (disease development 71–100% of plants) ( Khovanskaya et al, 1985 ; Urazaliev et al, 2013 ). Each score was based on two assessments (leaf blades/petioles and roots) in the same inoculated plants in the laboratory test and in plants without inoculation in the field trial.…”

“…Three species, F. xylarioides , F. camptoceras and F. solani , were the most virulent species causing Fusarium RR in sugar beet grown in Egypt ( Abo-Elnaga & Amein, 2011 ; Abd-El-Khaira, Abd-El-Fattahb & El-Nagdic, 2013 ), whereas two species, F. solani and F. culmorum , were reported as the casual agents of the disease in the UK ( Jacobsen, 2006 ). In the USA, F. oxysporum has been identified as a major cause of Fusarium RR in sugar beet ( Harveson & Rush, 1997 , 1998 ; Jacobsen, 2006 ; Christ & Varrelmann, 2011 ), as well as in Moldova and in the south-eastern part of Kazakhstan ( Maui, 2002 ; Lupashku & Mereniuc, 2010 ; Urazaliev et al, 2013 ).…”

Peer Review #2 of "Two sugar beet chitinase genes, BvSP2 and BvSE2, analysed with SNP Amplifluor-like markers, are highly expressed after Fusarium root rot inoculations and field susceptibility trial (v0.1)"

“…In Moldova and Southern Kazakhstan, F. oxysporum was previously determined (Lupashku and Mereniuc 2010;Urazaliev et al 2013) to be a cause of Fusarium RR in sugar beet, where three major strains of F. oxysporum Sch., No. 5, 50 and 150, were isolated (Maui 2002).…”

“…Three species, F. xylarioides, F. camptoceras and F. solani, were the most virulent species causing Fusarium RR in sugar beet grown in Egypt (Abo-Elnaga and Amein 2011; Abd-El-Khaira et al 2013), whereas two species, F. solani and F. culmorum, were reported as the casual agents of the disease in the UK (Jacobsen 2006). In the USA, F. oxysporum has been identified as a major cause of Fusarium RR in sugar beet Rush 1997, 1998;Jacobsen 2006;Christ and Varrelmann 2011), as well as in Moldova and in the south-eastern part of Kazakhstan (Maui 2002;Lupashku and Mereniuc 2010;Urazaliev et al 2013).…”