“…In Aymen and Lassâad (2012), BFOA was used in the traction and electric vehicle applications. Neural network, simulated annealing algorithm, artificial bee colony algorithm and firefly algorithm are other metaheuristics that was developed in the literature to optimise the complex problems (Fitouhi and Nourelfath, 2014;Seidgar et al, 2017;Lu et al, 2018;Moslemipour et al, 2018;Shahin and Jokar, 2018;Zhao et al, 2018;Altıntaş et al, 2019;Krishnaraj et al, 2019;Matthopoulos and Sofianopoulou, 2019).…”