Solvent Dependant Optical Switching in Carbazole-Based Fluorescent Nanoparticles

Adhikari, Ravi M.; Shah, Bela; Palayangoda, Sujeewa S.; Neckers, Douglas C.

doi:10.1021/la802716w

Cited by 39 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…It was demonstrated that nano-TiO2 treatment in proper concentration accelerated the germination of the aged spinach seeds and increased its vigor [5]. Nanoparticles (Pd, Au at low concentrations; Si, Cu at higher concentrations, and combination of Au and Cu) also had a positive influence on lettuce seed germination, measured in terms of shoot to root ratio and growth of the seedling [6]. Some other studies also support the positive effects of suspensions of nanomaterials on seed germination and root growth of nine different crop species,such as tomato [3], radish (Raphanus sativus), rape (Brassica napus), rye grass (Lolium perenne), lettuce (Lactuca sativa), corn (Zea mays), cucumber (Cucumis sativus) [7], zucchini [8], onion, and cucumber [9].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Effect of Carbon Nanotubes on Rice Seed Germination and Root Growth

Jiang

Zhong

Zhao

et al. 2013

Proceedings of the 2012 International Conference on Applied Biotechnology (ICAB 2012)

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There are few researches available on the effects of carbon nanotubes on rice seed germination and root growth. Aiming at this problem, rice seeds were co-cultured with carbon nanotubes of different concentrations. The rice seedling growth situation was observed including germination percentage rates, length of seeding stem, and root. The absorbance was measured and the root activity was calculated. Experiment results showed that the rice seed germination and root growth were promoted by carbon nanotubes with appropriate concentrations (0 * 100 lg/ml). When the concentration increased to 150 lg/ml, the root length, root activity, and stem length decreased in comparison with the value of 100 lg/ ml, but still slightly higher than the control, although the root and stem lengths were shorter than the control. Our results demonstrated, for the first time, that carbon nanotubes could promote rice seed germination and root growth at lower concentrations, and may have toxic effects at high concentrations.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Effect of Carbon Nanotubes on Rice Seed Germination and Root Growth

Jiang

Zhong

Zhao

et al. 2013

Proceedings of the 2012 International Conference on Applied Biotechnology (ICAB 2012)

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“…Solvent effects have been widely observed in different areas of chemistry such as photochemistry, biochemistry, and catalysis . Of these studies most discuss static effects, which often play a greater role in most chemical reactions compared to dynamic effects .…”

Section: Definition Of Solvent Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic Solvent Effects in Biomass Conversion Reactions

2015

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Transforming lignocellulosic biomass into fuels and chemicals has been intensely studied in recent years. A large amount of work has been dedicated to finding suitable solvent systems, which can improve the transformation of biomass into value‐added chemicals. These efforts have been undertaken based on numerous research results that have shown that organic solvents can improve both conversion and selectivity of biomass to platform molecules. We present an overview of these organic solvent effects, which are harnessed in biomass conversion processes, including conversion of biomass to sugars, conversion of sugars to furanic compounds, and production of lignin monomers. A special emphasis is placed on comparing the solvent effects on conversion and product selectivity in water with those in organic solvents while discussing the origins of the differences that arise. We have categorized results as benefiting from two major types of effects: solvent effects on solubility of biomass components including cellulose and lignin and solvent effects on chemical thermodynamics including those affecting reactants, intermediates, products, and/or catalysts. Finally, the challenges of using organic solvents in industrial processes are discussed from the perspective of solvent cost, solvent stability, and solvent safety. We suggest that a holistic view of solvent effects, the mechanistic elucidation of these effects, and the careful consideration of the challenges associated with solvent use could assist researchers in choosing and designing improved solvent systems for targeted biomass conversion processes.

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“…To date, the AIEE effect for the above non-intramolecular charge-transfer (non-ICT) materials can be elucidated very well by the restriction of intramolecular rotation or specific molecular packing, such as J-aggregation or dimer stacking mechanisms. 6,7 For ICT luminophors, several mechanisms have also been proposed to illustrate the AIEE effect, including restricted twisted ICT 8 and intermolecular charge-transfer, 9,10 formation of dimer 9,11 or a combination of these. However, some new observations for ICT luminophors indicate that the previously verified mechanisms in the aggregation state are not completely responsible for AIEE in these cases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyanostilben-based derivatives: mechanical stimuli-responsive luminophors with aggregation-induced emission enhancement

Zhang

Sun

Bian

et al. 2012

Photochem Photobiol Sci

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Cyanostilbene derivatives with the aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) activity are prepared by Knoevenagel and Suzuki reactions. Among them, the dye (Z)-2,3-bis(4'-(diphenylamino)-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)acrylonitrile (CNS-4) nanoparticle suspension shows the polarity-dependent characteristics of the fluorescence properties. By the fluorescence spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis, the restriction of transfer from the local excited (LE) state to the intramolecular charge-transfer (ICT) state and crystal formation results in a blue-shift in emission and enhances the intensity in the aggregate state. Additionally, the luminophors CNS-3 and CNS-4 possess the AIEE effect as well as mechanochromic fluorescent properties. This mechanofluorochromic behavior originates from the change between the crystalline and the amorphous state.

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Solvent Dependant Optical Switching in Carbazole-Based Fluorescent Nanoparticles

Cited by 39 publications

References 21 publications

The Effect of Carbon Nanotubes on Rice Seed Germination and Root Growth

The Effect of Carbon Nanotubes on Rice Seed Germination and Root Growth

Organic Solvent Effects in Biomass Conversion Reactions

Cyanostilben-based derivatives: mechanical stimuli-responsive luminophors with aggregation-induced emission enhancement

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