Solvent and Intermediate Phase as Boosters for the Perovskite Transformation and Solar Cell Performance

Kim, Jinhyun; Hwang, Taehyun; Lee, Sangheon; Lee, Byung-Ho; Kim, Jae-Won; Jang, Gil Su; Nam, Seunghoon; Park, Byungwoo

doi:10.1038/srep25648

Cited by 50 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…A fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrate was cleaned, and the TiO 2 compact layer was deposited using the 150 and 300 mM solutions of titanium diisopropoxide bis(acetylacetonate) in 1-butanol through the spin-coating followed by the annealing at 500 °C [20]. Then, the substrate was immersed in a 40 mM TiCl 4 aqueous solution and treated in 70 °C oven for 30 min, followed by annealing at 500 °C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then, TiCl 4 treatment was performed again, and MAPbI 3 (Cl) layer was deposited as mentioned in the previous paragraph. Hole transport layer was coated using the spiro-OMeTAD solution (72.8 mg in 1 mL of chlorobenzene) with the addition of 17.5 μL of Li-TFSI stock solution (520 mg in 1 mL of acetonitrile) and 28.8 μL of tert-butylpyridine [20]. Finally, Au electrode was thermally evaporated.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tailoring the Mesoscopic TiO2 Layer: Concomitant Parameters for Enabling High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

et al. 2017

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Architectural control over the mesoporous TiO2 film, a common electron-transport layer for organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells, is conducted by employing sub-micron sized polystyrene beads as sacrificial template. Such tailored TiO2 layer is shown to induce asymmetric enhancement of light absorption notably in the long-wavelength region with red-shifted absorption onset of perovskite, leading to ~20% increase of photocurrent and ~10% increase of power conversion efficiency. This enhancement is likely to be originated from the enlarged CH3NH3PbI3(Cl) grains residing in the sub-micron pores rather than from the effect of reduced perovskite-TiO2 interfacial area, which is supported from optical bandgap change, haze transmission of incident light, and one-diode model parameters correlated with the internal surface area of microporous TiO2 layers. With the templating strategy suggested, the necessity of proper hole-blocking method is discussed to prevent any direct contact of the large perovskite grains infiltrated into the intended pores of TiO2 scaffold, further mitigating the interfacial recombination and leading to ~20% improvement in power conversion efficiency compared with the control device using conventional solution-processed hole blocking TiO2. Thereby, the imperatives that originate from the structural engineering of the electron-transport layer are discussed to understand the governing elements for the improved device performance.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s11671-016-1809-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailoring the Mesoscopic TiO2 Layer: Concomitant Parameters for Enabling High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

et al. 2017

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“…The key strategy to obtain high‐performance perovskite solar cells is to fabricate high‐quality films with controllable morphologies comprising good crystallinity with texture, minimum pinholes, and high surface coverage, using solution processing . Many methods, such as thermal annealing, solvent engineering, and incorporating chemical additives, have been demonstrated to enhance the PCEs of perovskite solar cells by improving their morphology and crystallinity. These techniques have a significant impact on the enhanced PCE of perovskite solar cell devices in the past few years .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling the Nanoparticle‐Seeded Catalytic Nucleation Kinetics of Perovskite Solar Cells by Time‐Resolved GIXS

Lin

Chang

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

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Recently, a new seeding growth approach for perovskite thin films is reported to significantly enhance the device performance of perovskite solar cells. This work unveils the intermediate structures and the corresponding growth kinetics during conversion to perovskite crystal thin films assisted by seeding PbS nanocrystals (NCs), using time-resolved grazing-incidence X-ray scattering. Through analyses of time-resolved crystal formation kinetics obtained from synchrotron X-rays with a fast subsecond probing time resolution, an important "catalytic" role of the seed-like PbS NCs is clearly elucidated. The perovskite precursor-capped PbS NCs are found to not only accelerate the nucleation of a highly oriented intermediate phase, but also catalyze the conversion of the intermediate phase into perovskite crystals with a reduced activation energy E a = 47 (±5) kJ mol −1 , compared to 145 (±38) kJ mol −1 for the pristine perovskite thin film. The reduced E a is attributed to a designated crystal lattice alignment of the perovskite nanocrystals with perovskite cubic crystals; the pivotal heterointerface alignment of the perovskite crystals coordinated by the Pb NCs leads to an improved film surface morphology with less pinholes and enhanced crystal texture and thermal stability. These together contribute to the significantly improved photovoltaic performance of the corresponding devices.

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“…Sang Il Seok's group introduced halide substitution with Br to obtain high stability of PSC by increased bond energy and reduced distortion of the octahedron framework . Since then, various anions, such as Cl, NO 3 , OAc (OAc = CH 3 CH 2 COO − ), etc., have been introduced into the perovskite to reduce material defects and enhance the device stability . Moreover, metal substitution in the perovskite has been widely investigated using Bi, Sn, Sb, etc .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Aromatic Diamine Molecule as the A‐Site Solute for Highly Durable and Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

et al. 2018

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Studies of organometallic perovskite solar cells have remarkably progressed within several years, but there still remain concerns of poor stability and insufficient power conversion efficiency (PCE). To overcome these limitations, modification of the perovskite material should be addressed. Herein, imidazole (C3H4N2) is demonstrated as an A‐site solute for the conventional methyl‐ammonium lead iodide (CH3NH3PbI3). As an aromatic hydrocarbon and diamine species with a small ionic radius, imidazole is appropriately alloyed and the bond interactions within the ABX3 lattice are increased. Also, the nature of delocalized π bonding and the unique structure of imidazole allow the formation of an unprecedented kind of hybrid perovskite exhibiting favorable band alignment and optical propertie with high electrical conductivity. Optimal content of imidazole incorporated into CH3NH3PbI3 with architectural optimization of the device leads to improved PCEs approaching 20.2% (reverse) with small hysteresis (forward PCE = 19.0%). Furthermore, properly alloyed imidazole into the A‐site of CH3NH3PbI3 leads to extra stability against air, light, and heat. Lastly, devices with a large active area of 2 cm2 exhibit PCEs as high as 16.8%, further addressing the effect of imidazole on the formation of high quality nanostructured perovskite and devices.

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Solvent and Intermediate Phase as Boosters for the Perovskite Transformation and Solar Cell Performance

Cited by 50 publications

References 34 publications

Tailoring the Mesoscopic TiO2 Layer: Concomitant Parameters for Enabling High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

Tailoring the Mesoscopic TiO2 Layer: Concomitant Parameters for Enabling High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

Unveiling the Nanoparticle‐Seeded Catalytic Nucleation Kinetics of Perovskite Solar Cells by Time‐Resolved GIXS

An Aromatic Diamine Molecule as the A‐Site Solute for Highly Durable and Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

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