Solution processed perovskite incorporated tandem photovoltaics: developments, manufacturing, and challenges

Abstract

We discuss the emerging perovskite incorporated tandem solar technology and high-throughput printing methods for this technology.

Progress of Pb‐Sn Mixed Perovskites for Photovoltaics: A Review

“…[ 186 ] Another challenge in high‐throughput manufacturing of Pb‐Sn PSCs is the toxicity of the solvents used such as DMF and DMSO. [ 6 ] Compared to the Pb‐only perovskites, alternative green solvents have not been widely studied for Pb‐Sn mixed PSCs and should be investigated further. More importantly, with the recent findings in Sn‐only perovskites where DMSO was found to contribute to Sn 2+ oxidation, [ 137 ] testing alternate solvent systems is an important path for research in Pb‐Sn perovskites.…”

“…[170] Sn 4þ þ Sn ! 2Sn 2þ (6) As seen in Figure 14a(left), a regular Pb-Sn mixed perovskite precursor solution takes a yellow color, which, upon exposing to atmospheric conditions, rapidly changes color to take a red hue indicating the oxidation of Sn 2+ to Sn 4+ . [34] For a MA 0.3 FA 0.7 Pb 0.5 Sn 0.5 I 3 perovskite solution, Lin et al incorporated a small amount of metallic Sn powder (5 mg ml −1 ) which not only prevented the oxidation of Sn 2+ to Sn 4+ (Figure 14a(right)), but also reduced the Sn 4+ to Sn 2+ changing the red solutions back to yellow.…”

Detecting the Knowledge Domains of Compound Semiconductors

“…The second biggest cluster, “ perovskite tandem ” (cluster #3) in this knowledge domain, has 33 member articles and an average publication year of 2018. This cluster is the newest one in which the three most active citers in this cluster are Li and Zhang [ 26 ], Zhang, et al [ 27 ] and Jayawardena , et al [ 28 ] accordingly. Because of their remarkable conversion efficiency properties and potentially reduced manufacturing costs, these perovskite tandem solar cells are suitable for developing renewable energy applications [ 29 ].…”

Bandgap tuning strategy by cations and halide ions of lead halide perovskites learned from machine learning

“…7,8 The TSCs with multiple junctions, which optically connect wide bandgap and narrow bandgap absorbers in series, can overcome the Shockley-Queisser limit of single junction cells and enable notably high power conversion efficiency. [9][10][11] The optimum bandgap for the top cell of perovskite/Si TSCs by detailed-balance calculations under standard test conditions (AM1.5G, 1 kW m À2 , 25 C) is 1.73 eV for the series tandem and 1.81 eV for the module and the four-terminal tandem. 12 At elevated temperatures, the optimal perovskite bandgap falls below 1.68 eV (measured at 25 C) at the radiative limit.…”