Solution Growth of Screw Dislocation Driven α-GaOOH Nanorod Arrays and Their Conversion to Porous ZnGa₂O₄ Nanotubes

Abstract

The solution synthesis of ternary metal oxides is difficult due to the competing hydrolysis of metal ions. There are reports of hydro-/solvothermal growth of nanoparticles, but one-dimensional (1D) nanoarrays are less common. Here, we report an alternative and general strategy to circumvent this challenge by converting the 1D binary metal oxide/hydroxide nanostructures initially grown driven by screw dislocations into ternary oxides. Using the α-GaOOH/α-Ga2O3/ZnGa2O4 wide bandgap transparent conductor materials as a demonstration, we synthesize vertical arrays of high aspect ratio α-GaOOH nanorods (NRs) on conducting substrates with controllable length for the first time using a continuous flow reactor and confirm their growth mechanism to be dislocation-driven. Then the α-GaOOH NR arrays can be converted into porous α-Ga2O3 NR arrays, which can be further converted via a solution method into porous ZnGa2O4 nanotube (NT) arrays due to the Kirkendall effect. This work presents a new and general strategy to prepare 1D nanostructure arrays of various binary and ternary oxides at low cost and large scale, and such facile solution growth and the unique structure of porous ZnGa2O4 NT arrays will facilitate their practical applications.

Influence of Annealing Temperature on the Properties of ZnGa2O4 Thin Films by Magnetron Sputtering

“…Researchers have discussed many one-dimensional (1D) ZnGa 2 O 4 nanostructures (nanoparticles, nanocrystal, nanowires, and nanotube) over the years [7][8][9]. Although these 1D ZnGa 2 O 4 devices exhibit high optoelectronic performance, the reliability and stability of these devices are a critical aspect of their application, which raises concern [10,11].…”

Structural Characteristics and Photoluminescence Properties of Sputter-Deposition ZnGa2O4 Thin Films on Sapphire and Si(100) Substrates

“…ZnGa 2 O 4 phosphor materials have been prepared by several methods, including radio-frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering [6], sol-gel processing [7], metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) [8] and pulsed laser deposition [9]. However, they are mostly used to conduct synthesis of one-dimensional nanostructures (nanoparticles, nanowires and nanotubes) and are known to improve the emission characteristics of ZnGa 2 O 4 phosphor powder [10][11][12]. In fact, thin film structures are more stable and reliable than one-dimensional nanostructures and better adhere to solid surfaces in practical devices.…”

Statistical evaluation of morphological parameters of porous nanostructures on the synthesized indium phosphide surface

“…Isolated pores are mostly cylindrical in cross-section. Some areas have massive etched pits, the appearance of which is most often associated with the release of dislocation to the surface [31,32]. essing of microphotograph performed in the Imag Bandpass filter based on Fourier transform is u ies in the image [33].…”

“…Вестник Карагандинского университета32 Liang H. Solution growth of screw dislocation driven α-GaOOH nanorod arrays and their conversion to porous ZnGa2O4 nanotubes / H.Liang et al // Chemistry of Materials. -2017.…”