Solution Epitaxial Growth of Cobalt Nanowires on Crystalline Substrates for Data Storage Densities beyond 1 Tbit/in<sup>2</sup>

Liakakos, Nikos; Blon, Thomas; Achkar, Charbel; Vilar, Virginie; Cormary, Benoît; Tan, Reasmey P.; Benamara, O.; Chaboussant, Grégory; Ott, F.; Warot-Fonrose, Bénédicte; Snoeck, E.; Chaudret, Bruno; Soulantica, Katerina; Respaud, Marc

doi:10.1021/nl501018z

Cited by 59 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(83 reference statements)

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“…Often applications are sought within high density recording, bit patterned media [9][10][11][12] or MRAM devices [1,13], however since the bit size of modern hard disk drives (approx. 20x20 nm²) is already lower than what is achievable with most lithography techniques [14], potential use is limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intra-wire coupling in segmented Ni/Cu nanowires deposited by electrodeposition

Sergelius¹,

Lee²,

Fruchart³

et al. 2017

Nanotechnology

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Segmented magnetic nanowires are a promising route for the development of three dimensional data storage techniques. Such devices require a control of the coercive field and the coupling mechanisms between individual magnetic elements. In our study, we investigate electrodeposited nanomagnets within host templates using vibrating sample magnetometry and observe a strong dependence between nanowire length and coercive field (25 nm to 5 µm) and diameter (25 nm to 45 nm). A transition from a magnetization reversal through coherent rotation to domain wall propagation is observed at an aspect ratio of approximately 2. Our results are further reinforced via micromagnetic simulations and angle dependent hysteresis loops. The found behavior is exploited to create nanowires consisting of a fixed and a free segment in a spin-valve like structure. The wires are released from the membrane and electrically contacted, displaying a giant magnetoresistance effect that is attributed to individual switching of the coupled nanomagnets. We develop a simple analytical model to describe the observed switching phenomena and to predict stable and unstable regimes in coupled nanomagnets of certain geometries.-2 - INTRODUCTIONIn the investigation of nanomagnet assemblies, the focus has mainly been on lithographicallypatterned, planar structures, which can be used as logic devices capable of executing Boolean logic operations [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Often applications are sought within high density recording, bit patterned media [9][10][11][12] or MRAM devices [1,13], however since the bit size of modern hard disk drives (approx. 20x20 nm²) is already lower than what is achievable with most lithography techniques [14], potential use is limited. Therefore, the use of the third dimension is an appealing approach. Studies on alternating, vertical stacks of magnetic and non-magnetic materials have already been published, in which a three dimensional shift register is investigated, that is capable of storing and shifting several bits of information as solitons within a single column [15][16][17][18][19]. These shift registers are coupled via RKKY interaction and its oscillatory nature allows for an additional degree of freedom in the design of the device, but as a drawback the samples are very demanding with regard to sample quality and purity. A soliton, which is the bearer of information, is a magnetic frustration within a 1D chain of magnetic moments. It is thinkable to induce such a soliton using dipolar coupling instead of RKKY, simply by magnetizing two nanomagnets in the same direction and placing them next to each other (transversal soliton [20]). Another possibility would be to magnetize them in opposing direction and place them in a head-to-head or tail-to-tail configuration (longitudinal soliton, Figure 1). The coupling strength is then defined by the material properties and the distance of both nanomagnets. Such kinds of nanowires can be synthesized within porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates [21-23] using electro...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intra-wire coupling in segmented Ni/Cu nanowires deposited by electrodeposition

Sergelius¹,

Lee²,

Fruchart³

et al. 2017

Nanotechnology

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“…Well characterized in bulk materials, the multidomain configuration is now pursued in magnetic nanowires to benefit from domain wall motion for data storage in the so-called magnetic racetrack memories. 1,2 Although single domain configuration is often optimized for applications requiring hard magnetic behavior, such as hard disk drives 3,4 or permanent magnets, 5,6 vortex state is sought in biological applications such as hyperthermia or drug delivery 7 to minimize the stray field around the particle and thus prevent magnetic aggregation, 8 or in spin−torque vortex−oscillator devices for microwave signal-processing applications. 9 In these contexts, one needs to evidence at room temperature the single-domain limit separating SD and V states.…”

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confidence: 99%

Size-Specific Spin Configurations in Single Iron Nanomagnet: From Flower to Exotic Vortices

et al. 2015

Self Cite

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The different spin configurations in the vicinity of the single-domain/vortex transition are reported in isolated magnetic nanoparticles. By combining chemical synthesis, electron holography in a dedicated transmission electron microscope and micromagnetic simulations, we establish the "magnetic configurations vs size" phase diagram of Fe single-crystalline nanocubes. Room temperature high resolution magnetic maps reveal the transition between single-domain and vortex states for Fe nanocubes from 25 to 27 nm, respectively. An intermediate spin configuration consisting of an ⟨111⟩ vortex is for the first time evidenced.

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“…Using heterogeneous nucleation methods, assemblies of rods, dumbbells or branched networks can be produced133, with potential applications as rare-earth-free magnets134 and magnetic recording media135. However, the most common approach uses 3D-templates, exploiting the isotropic character and conformal growth achieved in electroplating, electroless plating and atomic layer deposition.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional nanomagnetism

et al. 2017

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Magnetic nanostructures are being developed for use in many aspects of our daily life, spanning areas such as data storage, sensing and biomedicine. Whereas patterned nanomagnets are traditionally two-dimensional planar structures, recent work is expanding nanomagnetism into three dimensions; a move triggered by the advance of unconventional synthesis methods and the discovery of new magnetic effects. In three-dimensional nanomagnets more complex magnetic configurations become possible, many with unprecedented properties. Here we review the creation of these structures and their implications for the emergence of new physics, the development of instrumentation and computational methods, and exploitation in numerous applications.

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Solution Epitaxial Growth of Cobalt Nanowires on Crystalline Substrates for Data Storage Densities beyond 1 Tbit/in²

Cited by 59 publications

References 49 publications

Intra-wire coupling in segmented Ni/Cu nanowires deposited by electrodeposition

Intra-wire coupling in segmented Ni/Cu nanowires deposited by electrodeposition

Size-Specific Spin Configurations in Single Iron Nanomagnet: From Flower to Exotic Vortices

Three-dimensional nanomagnetism

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Solution Epitaxial Growth of Cobalt Nanowires on Crystalline Substrates for Data Storage Densities beyond 1 Tbit/in2

Cited by 59 publications

References 49 publications

Intra-wire coupling in segmented Ni/Cu nanowires deposited by electrodeposition

Intra-wire coupling in segmented Ni/Cu nanowires deposited by electrodeposition

Size-Specific Spin Configurations in Single Iron Nanomagnet: From Flower to Exotic Vortices

Three-dimensional nanomagnetism

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Product

Resources

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Solution Epitaxial Growth of Cobalt Nanowires on Crystalline Substrates for Data Storage Densities beyond 1 Tbit/in²