Solubilization of rare earth oxides in the eutectic LiCl–KCl mixture at 450°C and in the equimolar CaCl2–NaCl melt at 550°C

Castrillejo, Y.; Bermejo, Manuel R.; Barrado, E.; Martínez, Ana María; Arocas, Paloma Díaz

doi:10.1016/s0022-0728(03)00092-5

Cited by 142 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Thus, the two-phase region corresponding to the potential plateaus in this experiment are NdCd 2 -NdCd 3 , NdCd 3 -Nd 11 Cd 45 , Nd 11 Cd 45 -Nd 13 Cd 58 , Nd 13 Cd 58 -NdCd 6 , NdCd 6 -NdCd 11 , NdCd 11 -Cd, respectively. Accordingly, the potential difference between Nd(III) Nd(II) and plateau corresponds to the EMF of the two-phase region.…”

Section: Electrochemical Reaction Of Ndcl 3 In Licl-kcl At Cd-coated mentioning

confidence: 59%

“…The CV for LiCl-KCl-1 wt% NdCl 3 at 773 K was measured by using an inactive W electrode. [13,14,25,26]. Those studies concluded that the Nd(III)/Nd(0) redox reaction proceeds through the intermediate process of Nd(II) ion generation, resulting in the two-step reaction takes place as described below.…”

Section: Electrochemical Apparatus and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Accordingly, the ratio of Nd/Cd from P 1 to P 6 is 0.589, 0.371, 0.279, 0.235, 0.145, and 0.085, respectively. According to the Nd-Cd phase diagram, there are six Nd x Cd y compounds such as NdCd 2 , NdCd 3 , Nd 11 Cd 45 , Nd 13 Cd 58 , NdCd 6 , NdCd 11 when the concentration of Cd is 50 % or more at 500 °C (Fig. 6) [37].…”

Section: Electrochemical Reaction Of Ndcl 3 In Licl-kcl At Cd-coated mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, various studies using electrochemical transient techniques have been conducted, reporting that the electrochemical transient techniques are a useful method for analyzing electrochemical and thermodynamic characteristics of electroactive materials in molten salt [12][13][14][15][16]. Particularly, cyclic voltammetry (CV) and potentiometry are useful methods to provide various information such as electrode potential, diffusion coefficient, activity coefficient, intermetallic compound formation and corresponding Gibbs free energy of electroactive materials [17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrode Reactions of Nd3+/Nd Couple in LiCl-KCl-NdCl3 Solutions at Solid W and Liquid Cd Electrodes

Sim

Kim²,

Paek

et al. 2018

International Journal of Electrochemical Science

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The behavior of Nd(III)/Nd(0) redox reaction at a solid tungsten (W) and liquid cadmium (Cd) electrodes in the LiCl-KCl-NdCl 3 system at 773 K was analyzed by using a cyclic voltammetry. The Nd(III)/Nd(0) reaction in the solid W electrode was found to occur in two steps through the process of Nd(II) ion generation. As the analytic results of the maximum current value according to scan rates in the region of 0.05 V/s to 0.3 V/s, the Nd(III)/Nd(II) reaction showed reversible reaction characteristics over the whole range, while the Nd (II)/Nd(0) reaction showed the reversible reaction in the region of 0.05 V/s to 0.2 V/s, as well as the quasi-reversible in the range of 0.2 V/s or higher. Furthermore, the diffusion coefficients of Nd(III) ion and Nd(II) ion were calculated by using the maximum current value, which were considerably consistent with the previous results of other researchers. The reduction potential of the Nd (III)/Nd(0) reaction in the liquid Cd electrode was measured as approximately 0.54 V higher than that of the solid W electrode because the reduced Nd formed an Nd-Cd intermetallic compound with a liquid Cd electrode, lowering the activity of Nd. To confirm this mechanism, experiments using Cd-coated W electrodes were conducted by using cyclic voltammetry and chronopotentiometry. The experimental results showed that 6 Nd-Cd intermetallic compounds were present. When the ratio of Cd is the highest, NdCd 11 is formed, and the potential in this case was very similar to the potential at the liquid Cd electrode. Furthermore, the Gibbs free energy and activity coefficient of Nd-Cd intermetallic compounds were calculated by analyzing the results of chronopotentiometry. The results could thermodynamically explain the potential difference of the Nd(III)/Nd(0) reactions occurring between the solid W electrode and the liquid Cd electrode.

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Section: Electrochemical Reaction Of Ndcl 3 In Licl-kcl At Cd-coated mentioning

confidence: 59%

Section: Electrochemical Apparatus and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Electrochemical Reaction Of Ndcl 3 In Licl-kcl At Cd-coated mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Electrode Reactions of Nd3+/Nd Couple in LiCl-KCl-NdCl3 Solutions at Solid W and Liquid Cd Electrodes

Sim

Kim²,

Paek

et al. 2018

International Journal of Electrochemical Science

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“…Так, эти вопросы, а также определение кинетических параметров электродных процессов в низкотем-пературном хлоридном расплаве LiCl-KCl и рас-плаве LiCl-CaCl 2 являются предметом изучения японских, испанских и российских ученых [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Электрохимическому получению сплавов интер-металлических соединений на основе празеоди-ма и неодима в галогенидных расплавах методом диффузионного насыщения посвящены работы [16][17][18].…”

Section: № 1 2014unclassified

Electrochemical synthesis of nanosized powders of neodymium and praseodymium hexaborides and ternary compounds based on neodymium (praseodymium), boron and iron group metals from chloride-fluoride melts.

Кушхов¹,

Chuksin²,

Zhanikaeva³

2015

Izv. vuzov, Porošk. metall. funkc. pokryt.

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Solubility of A12O ₃ in NaCl‐KCl Based Molten Salt System

Xiao

Mambote

Wierink

et al. 2010

Molten Salts and Ionic Liquids

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Solubilization of rare earth oxides in the eutectic LiCl–KCl mixture at 450°C and in the equimolar CaCl2–NaCl melt at 550°C

Cited by 142 publications

References 24 publications

Electrode Reactions of Nd3+/Nd Couple in LiCl-KCl-NdCl3 Solutions at Solid W and Liquid Cd Electrodes

Electrode Reactions of Nd3+/Nd Couple in LiCl-KCl-NdCl3 Solutions at Solid W and Liquid Cd Electrodes

Electrochemical synthesis of nanosized powders of neodymium and praseodymium hexaborides and ternary compounds based on neodymium (praseodymium), boron and iron group metals from chloride-fluoride melts.

Solubility of A12O ₃ in NaCl‐KCl Based Molten Salt System

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Solubilization of rare earth oxides in the eutectic LiCl–KCl mixture at 450°C and in the equimolar CaCl2–NaCl melt at 550°C

Cited by 142 publications

References 24 publications

Electrode Reactions of Nd3+/Nd Couple in LiCl-KCl-NdCl3 Solutions at Solid W and Liquid Cd Electrodes

Electrode Reactions of Nd3+/Nd Couple in LiCl-KCl-NdCl3 Solutions at Solid W and Liquid Cd Electrodes

Electrochemical synthesis of nanosized powders of neodymium and praseodymium hexaborides and ternary compounds based on neodymium (praseodymium), boron and iron group metals from chloride-fluoride melts.

Solubility of A12O 3 in NaCl‐KCl Based Molten Salt System

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Solubility of A12O ₃ in NaCl‐KCl Based Molten Salt System