Solubility of Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate

Roberts, Robert; Dinegar, Robert H.

doi:10.1021/j150566a032

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Here, following the procedure proposed by Zepeda‐Ruiz et al, PETN single crystals were evaporatively and slowly grown from a solution of PETN in acetone at a constant temperature of 4 ˚C . PETN acetone saturated solutions (mass ratio 20.3g/100g) were prepared using a PETN powder provided by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), with mass purity>99%.The colorless crystals were grown by slow drying and recrystallization from the saturated acetone solution. A typical PETN crystal grown in our labs, is shown in figure (b).…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical properties of pentaerythritol tetranitrate(PETN) single crystals from nano‐indentation: Depth dependent response at the nano meter scale

Zhai

McKenna

2016

Crystal Research and Technology

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The current work presents the results from an investigation of the mechanical behavior of single crystals of the energetic material pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) using a nano‐indentation technique. The indentation tests have been performed on the maximum growth habit face (110) of the PETN, using a spherical, Berkovich and an anisometric (wedge‐shaped) tip. The load displacement curves along with analysis have been used to extract the mechanical properties and identify the anisotropic indentation modulus for the PETN. The indentation moduli of the PETN single crystal were found to decrease as indentation depth increases and become independent of indentation depth for depths greater than 200 nm for the spherical indenter and 300 nm for the anisometric wedge indenter and Berkovich tip. The indentation modulus obtained from spherical tip indentation is compared with the results calculated by using literature values of the elastic constants. The wedge indenter measurements and Berkovich indentation at various tip orientations are different due to the anisotropy of the PETN. The yield behaviors of the PETN single crystal were also explored using both spherical and wedge tip indentation and the differences are discussed.

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Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical properties of pentaerythritol tetranitrate(PETN) single crystals from nano‐indentation: Depth dependent response at the nano meter scale

Zhai

McKenna

2016

Crystal Research and Technology

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“…Granules of Zn(NO 3 )⋅6H 2 O (Mallinckrodt Baker Inc., Phillipsburg, NJ) are dissolved in a PETN/acetone solution to make a supersaturated solution such that the impurity concentrations are 100, 500, 700, 1000, 5000, and 10000 ppm (mass). PETN has very good solubility in acetone and form saturated solutions of 20.3 g/100 g [28], than in other solvents. It is sparingly soluble in alcohols and ethers, and practically insoluble in water.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of zinc doping on pentaerythritol tetranitrate single crystals

Zhang

Bhattacharia

Weeks

2010

Cryst. Res. Technol.

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In this study, the effect of zinc impurity on the organic high explosive pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) single crystal has been investigated with optical microscopy and ex situ atomic force microscopy (AFM). The optical images show that the crystal shape has a transition with a predictable trend from long crystal to compact one as the zinc concentration is increased. Also, the 2-dimentional (2-D) growth hillocks are observed clearly on (110) face with contact AFM. The crystal growth occurs on monomolecular steps generated by 2-D nucleation and followed by layer-by-layer expansion, and the macro-steps formed onto the surface before spreading laterally as step bunches. The zinc ions are incorporated in growth steps as the zinc concentration is increased. The mechanism of inorganic impurity on molecular crystallization growth is still unclear. However, the incorporation of impurities may significantly affect growth kinetics of defect structure, and the bulk properties of molecular crystals.

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“…In the wet configuration, acetone was used to wet the swab surface. Although acetone may not be the best solvent for each explosive, [30][31][32] it is readily available in a field setting from, for instance, local supermarkets or pharmacies, and so is a practical choice of solvent for real-world methodology. The saturation concentration of each explosive in acetone is 0.54, 0.08, and 0.25 g ml −1 for TNT, RDX and PETN respectively.…”

Section: Explosives Swabbing In the Field Using Typical Ied Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%