Solubilities of 5,10,15,20-Tetraphenylporphyrin and 5,10,15,20-Tetraphenylporphyrin Manganese(III) Chloride in Binary Ethanol + Water Solvent Mixtures

Abstract

The solubilities of 5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP) and 5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin manganese(III) chloride (TPPMnCl) in binary ethanol + water solvent mixtures at (303.2 to 333.2) K were determined at atmospheric pressure. The solubility of TPPMnCl in ethanol + water solvent mixtures is much larger than that of TPP. The effects of temperature and mass fraction of ethanol in the solvent mixtures on the solubilities were studied. It was found that the solvent composition has a significant influence on solubility. The solubility of TPP increases apparently with the increasing temperature for a certain solvent composition; however, the solubility of TPPMnCl only slightly increases with the increase of temperature at constant composition. The experimental data were correlated with the Nyvlt equation, and good agreement between the experimentally determined and the correlated solubilities was obtained. Furthermore, the thermodynamic parameters including dissolution enthalpy, dissolution entropy, isobaric heat capacity, and Gibbs free energy of TPP and TPPMnCl in ethanol + water mixtures were calculated by the Clark−Glew equation. Figure 1. Chemical structure of 5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin.Figure 2. Chemical structure of 5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin manganese(III) chloride.Article pubs.acs.org/jced B a Standard uncertainties u are u(T) = 0.1 K, u r (p) = 0.02, u r (x) = 0.03, u r (Δ sol G 0 ,Δ sol H 0 ,Δ sol S 0 ,Δ sol C p 0 ) = 0.03. b w 3 is the mass fraction of ethanol in ethanol + water mixture solvents. c Calculated by eq 8. d Calculated by eq 9. e Calculated by eq 10. f Calculated by eq 11.

Solubilities of 5,10,15,20-Tetraphenylporphyrin and 5,10,15,20-Tetra(p-chlorophenyl)porphyrin in Binary N,N-Dimethylformamide + Water Solvent Mixtures

“…The uncertainty of mass measurement was ± 0.0001 g, and the uncertainty of temperature was ± 0.1 K. To verify the reliability of the experimental apparatus and method, we did one other experiment in which the solubility of benzoic acid in water was determined. The experimental value different from the literature value by less than 2 %. − , …”

“…The solubilities of TPP and p -ClTPP in DMF + water solvent mixtures were correlated by the modified Apelblat equation. − The modified Apelblat equation was previously put forward by Apelblat to associate the mole fraction of solute with temperature for a saturated solution and can be expressed as where x is the mole fraction of solute, T is the absolute temperature, and A , B , C are the empirical model parameters. In order to use eq to correlate the solubility of TPP or p -ClTPP at different solvent compositions, the following empirical quadratic equations were adopted: − , where X 1 is the mole fraction of DMF to DMF + water mixtures, and A i , B i , and C i ( i = 0, 1, 2) are model parameters.…”

“…The solubility measurment apparatus and procedures used are similar to those in our previous work. − , Briefly, an excess amount of TPP or p -ClTPP was taken into 100 mL glass bottles, the bottles were filled with known mole fraction of DMF + water solvent mixtures, and then were sealed by rubber stoppers to stop the solvent from evaporating. The bottles were placed in a constant temperature bath, the bath was heated to the desired temperature (with uncertainty of ± 0.1 K).…”

“…In this sense, the solubility of TPP and p -ClTPP in binary DMF-riched DMF + water solvent mixtures at different temperatures is extremely important. In our present study, the solubilities of p -ClTPP in propionic acid + water solvent mixtures, p -ClTPP in ethanol + water solvent mixtures, and TPP in ethanol + water solvent mixtures have been published …”

Solubilities of Phthalic Acid and o-Toluic Acid in Binary Acetic Acid + Water and Acetic Acid + o-Xylene Solvent Mixtures

“…In eq , x 1 is the mole fraction of phthalic acid or o -toluic acid, T is the absolute temperature, A , B , and C are the empirical model parameters. In order to use eq to correlate the solubility of phthalic acid and o -toluic acid at various solvent compositions, the following empirical correlations were adopted. − where x 2,solv is the mole fraction of HAc in HAc + water or HAc + o -xylene mixtures and A i , B i , and C i are model parameters. Once again, the measured solubilities data for the four studied systems were correlated by using model eqs and , and the model parameters were optimized.…”