Solubilities of Phthalic Acid and o-Toluic Acid in Binary Acetic Acid + Water and Acetic Acid + o-Xylene Solvent Mixtures

Abstract

The solubilities of phthalic acid and o-toluic acid in binary acetic acid (HAc) + water and HAc + o-xylene solvent mixtures were measured by a dissolution temperature method at atmospheric pressure. The mole fractions of HAc in the corresponding solvent mixtures range from 0.00 to 1.00. The measured data show that, within the temperature range studied, the solubilities of phthalic acid and o-toluic acid increase with the increasing temperature at constant solvent composition and initially decrease with the decreasing mole fraction of HAc in HAc + o-xylene and HAc + water solvent mixtures at constant temperature, respectively. It also shows that, within the solvent composition range studied, the HAc + water solvent mixtures with the mole fraction of HAc at 0.5467 has the highest dissolving capacity for phthalic acid at constant temperature, and the highest solubility of o-toluic acid is obtained in HAc + o-xylene solvent mixtures with the mole fraction of HAc of 0.5408 at constant temperature. The experimental solubilities were correlated by both the nonrandom two-liquid (NRTL) and Apelblat equations, and the calculated solubilities within ±11.9% relative deviation agree satisfactorily with the measured results.

Study on the Solubilities of Mononitro-Substituted Products of Nitration of m-Toluic Acid in Several Solvents at Temperatures between 297.65 and 351.75 K

“…For the studied binary systems, the solid–solid phase transition does not apply here. Thus, the solid–liquid equilibrium can be described by following equation , where γ 1 and x 1 are the activity coefficient and molar fraction of solute, Δ fus H and T fus are the fusion enthalpy and fusion point of solute, the molar gas constant R is equal to 8.314 J·mol –1 ·K –1 , and T is the Kelvin temperature of the solution. In this work, the fusion enthalpy and fusion point of 5-M-2-NBA are 22590 J·mol –1 and 408.50 K, and those for 3-M-2-NBA are 37770 J·mol –1 and 494.93K.…”

“…solid−liquid equilibrium can be described by following equation25where γ 1 and x 1 are the activity coefficient and molar fraction of solute, Δ fus H and T fus are the fusion enthalpy and fusion point of solute, the molar gas constant R is equal to 8.314 J•mol −1 •K −1 , and T is the Kelvin temperature of the solution. In this work, the fusion enthalpy and fusion point of 5-M-2-NBA are…”

Solubility Measurement and Correlation of Two Erlotinib Hydrochloride Polymorphs in Alcohols and Ketones from 273.15 to 323.15 K

“…Crystallization is an important unit operation in the chemical industry, particularly in the production of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). , The purity, morphology, crystal size distribution (CSD), and so forth of products are directly controlled by the design and operation of crystallization process. , To develop and optimize a reliable crystallization process, it is crucial to know the thermodynamic data such as solubility, which are essential for the selection of crystallization conditions, the calculation of yield, and annual benefits . However, to date, a large number of solubility data are not available, and the experimental measurements are still the main source of them.…”

Solubility of Phthalic Acid and o-Toluic Acid in Seven Organic Solvents: Experimental Measurement and Thermodynamic Modeling

“…With the continuous development of the chemical fiber industry, packaging industry, and pharmaceutical industry in recent years, the demand for phthalic acid and o -toluic acid is also increasing year by year . In industry, phthalic acid and o -toluic acid are usually produced by the oxidation of air and o -xylene . In order to obtain high-purity phthalic acid and o -toluic acid, a method of recrystallization is necessary.…”

“…According to the published literature, the solubility of phthalic acid in different solvents such as methanol, ethanol, water, − sodium sulfate solution, ethyl acetate, ethylene glycol, acetic acid, acetone, butyl acetate, tetraethylammonium iodide, tetramethylammonium chloride, sodium chloride, cyclohexanone, tetrahydrofuran, 1,2-diethoxyethane, acetophenone, N -methyl-2-pyrrolidone, , methanol + water, methanol + butyl acetate, binary acetic acid (HAc) + water, and acetic acid + o -xylene has been studied. The solubility of o -toluic acid in pure solvents such as N -octanol and in binary solvent mixtures such as cyclohexane + heptane, cyclohexane + ethanol, cyclohexane + methanol, cyclohexane +2-propanol, and cyclohexane +1-butanol has been studied.…”