Solubilities of 2,6‐Diamino‐3,5‐dinitropyrazine‐1‐oxide in the Binary Mixtures of DMSO+H₂O, DMF+H₂O and NMP+H₂O in the Temperature Range from 293.15 to 323.15 K under the Atmospheric Pressure

Abstract

Recrystallization is usually required for the application of 2,6‐Diamino‐3,5‐dinitropyrazine‐1‐oxide (LLM‐105) as an energy material due to its poor crystal morphology. The study of its solubilities in binary solvent mixtures can provide primary support for optimizing the recrystallization and spheroidization conditions of LLM‐105. In the current work, the solubilities of LLM‐105 in the binary mixtures of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)+H2O, N,N‐dimethyl‐formamide (DMF)+H2O and 1‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone (NMP) +H2O were measured by the gravimetric method in the temperature range from 293.15 K to 323.15 K under the atmospheric pressure. The results suggest that the solubility of LLM‐105 increases with the increase of temperature and the concentration of the solvent. The experimental data were then fitted with the modified Apelbalt equation, (CNIBS)/Redlich‐Kister equation and Jouyban‐Acree equation. All models fit the experimental data well, indicating that they can be used to predict the solubilities of LLM‐105 in the binary solvent mixtures. The thermodynamic parameters of the dissolution including enthalpy, standard entropy and Gibbs energy were calculated from the experimental data. It was found that the dissolutions of LLM‐105 in all test solvents were endothermic.

Measurement and Correlation of Solubilities of 3-Nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) in 10 Pure Solvents and 3 Binary Solvents from 278.15 to 328.15 K

“…In this study, solubilities of NTO were measured in 10 pure solvents (deionized water, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n -butanol, formic acid, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, toluene, n -hexane) and 3 binary solvents (ethanol + water, HNO 3 + water, N -methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) + water) at different temperatures using gravimetric methods. − To correlate the influences of temperature and solvent composition on the solubility of NTO, the Apelblat equation, the CNIBS/R-K model, and the Jouyban–Acree model were utilized.…”

Continuous Crystallization Process of Cefminox Sodium in MSMPR Crystallizer

“…Apelblat equation and CNIBS/R-K equation were used to correlate the kinetic solubility of cefminox sodium in binary mixed solvents (water-ethanol, water-acetone). [27][28][29][30] Apelblat equation was shown in Equation ( 4):…”

Phase Equilibrium and Thermodynamics Studies on Dissolving Processes of Energetic Compounds: A Brief Review

“…DMSO is a suitable solvent to dissolve LLM-105 with the highest solubility, while EA is not suggested. In addition to pure solvents, binary systems of DMSO, DMF, and NMP mixed with water were also studied via the gravimetric method and with a very low content of water as the solubility of LLM-105 decreases violently.…”

“…DMSO is a suitable solvent to dissolve LLM-105 with the highest solubility, while EA is not suggested. In addition to pure solvents, binary systems of DMSO, DMF, and NMP mixed with water were also studied via the gravimetric method 104 and with a very low content of water as the solubility of LLM-105 decreases violently. Crystallization conditions such as the concentration, stirring speed, and cooling rate have been studied to control the MSZW, and a route to fabricated high-quality LLM-105 crystals in DMSO using a cooling method has been proposed.…”