Solidification and stabilization of Pb–Zn mine tailing with municipal solid waste incineration fly ash and ground granulated blast-furnace slag for unfired brick fabrication

Wang, Ping; Li, Jiangshan; Hu, Yuanan; Cheng, Hefa

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121135

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…This is because the activity of slag is greater than that of fly ash [45], the hydration products are physically wrapped, and there is surface adsorption, chemical precipitation, etc. [46,47], so heavy metal ions are bound in the solidified body of slag, which promotes the interaction between particles. The internal structure of the high-slag-content slurry was more likely to undergo destruction and rebuilding during the shearing process, leading to an increase in thixotropic behavior.…”

Section: Thixotropy Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigation on Hydrophobic Alteration of Mining Solid Waste Backfill Material

Zhao,

Ma,

Ngo

et al. 2024

Minerals

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To address the issues of corrosion weakening of solid-waste-based backfill material caused by mine water, a novel hydrophobic solid waste backfill (HSBF) material was developed using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and a silane coupling agent (SCA) as hydrophobic modification additives, and NaOH (SH) and sodium silicate (SS) as alkali activators. Fly ash and slag were chosen as the primary raw solid waste materials. The rheological properties of the hydrophobic-treated backfill slurries were measured, and the resulting physicochemical properties were compared with the unmodified reference group. This study reveals that the fresh HSBF slurry follows a Modified Bingham (M-B) model with shear-thinning characteristics. The addition of PDMS causes an increase in the water contact angle of the hardened HSBF material with F8S2 to up to 134.9°, indicating high hydrophobicity. Morphological observations indicated that PDMS mainly attaches to the inorganic particles’ surface through the bridging action of SCA for the hydrophobic modification of the backfill material. The overall strength of the HSBF materials was further ensured via fly ash–slag ratio optimization, and was found to be enhanced up to 98% by increasing slag content from 20% to 50%. This is mainly attributed to the hydration of slag, forming C-S(A)-H gel, which contributes to the increased strength. The novel HSBF material enables the elimination of cement in mine backfilling applications, demonstrating good economic benefits. Its excellent mechanical and hydrophobic properties can not only prevent overburden displacement in goaf areas, but can also mitigate water resource loss from overlying strata and simultaneously reduce the safety risks associated with long-term mine water deterioration.

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Section: Thixotropy Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigation on Hydrophobic Alteration of Mining Solid Waste Backfill Material

Zhao,

Ma,

Ngo

et al. 2024

Minerals

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“…Therefore, the strength and utilization rate of the tailings sintered bricks fabricated in this study are competitive. For unfired bricks with lead-zinc tailings [25], the compressive strength reaches 10 MPa (MU10 grade) when the proportion of tailings is 45%. It can be seen that the mechanical properties of sintered bricks with lead-zinc tailings fabricated in this study are superior.…”

Section: Verification Of Optimal Process Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The disposal of lead-zinc tailings has become a key problem restricting the development of the lead-zinc industry. Si, Al, and other elements contained in lead-zinc tailings are essential components of building materials production [24,25]. Therefore, if lead-zinc tailings can be used as a substitute for building materials, this can solve the problem of tailings storage and maximize the effective utilization of resources [26,27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of Lead–Zinc Tailings Sintered Brick and Its Effect Factors Based on an Orthogonal Experiment

Lin,

Li,

2024

Materials

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The existence of lead-zinc tailings threatens the social and ecological environment. The recycling of lead–zinc tailings is important for the all-round green transformation of economic society. In this study, the possibility of fabricating sintered ordinary bricks with lead–zinc tailings was studied based on orthogonal experimentation, and the phase composition and micromorphology of sintered products were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). With lead–zinc tailings as the main material, and clay and fly ash as additives, the effect of clay content, forming pressure, sintering temperature, and holding time on physical properties of sintered bricks was analyzed. The results show that clay content and sintering temperature have a major effect on compressive strength, while sintering temperature and holding time play an important role in water absorption. During sintering, mica, chlorite, and other components in lead–zinc tailings are decomposed to form albite, hematite, maghemite, and anhydrite, which play a role in the strength of bricks. The optimal process parameters were found to be a ratio of lead–zinc tailings:clay:fly ash = 6:3:1, forming pressure of 20 MPa, firing temperature of 1080 °C, and holding time of 60 min. The corresponding compressive strength and water absorption were 34.94 MPa and 16.02%, which meets the Chinese sintered ordinary bricks standard (GB/T 5101-2017).

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“…Current methods of treating metallurgical slags, such as reprocessing, desulfurization, backfilling, and restoration, are not widely used due to their high cost and/or low efficiency [12]. Waste materials placed near closed mining sites or smelters in isolated rural areas, in particular, have received much less attention because the local government cannot afford the high costs associated with managing and disposing of the waste in an environmentally responsible manner [13,14]. This is one of the main reasons that the reapplication of the Pb-Zn historic slag from rural areas was assessed in this study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reapplication Potential of Historic Pb–Zn Slag with Regard to Zero Waste Principles

Radulović,

Terzić,

Stojanović

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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Smelting used to be less efficient; therefore, wastes obtained from historical processing at smelter plants usually contain certain quantities of valuable metals. Upon the extraction of useful metal elements, metallurgical slag can be repurposed as an alternative mineral raw material in the building sector. A case study was conducted, which included an investigation of the physico-chemical, mineralogical, and microstructural properties of Pb–Zn slag found at the historic landfill near the Topilnica Veles smelter in North Macedonia. The slag was sampled using drill holes. The mineralogical and microstructural analysis revealed that Pb–Zn slag is a very complex and inhomogeneous alternative raw material with utilizable levels of metals, specifically Pb (2.3 wt.%), Zn (7.1 wt.%), and Ag (27.5 ppm). Crystalline mineral phases of wurtzite, sphalerite, galena, cerussite, akermanite, wüstite, monticellite, franklinite, and zincite were identified in the analyzed samples. The slag’s matrix consisted of alumino-silicates, amorphous silicates, and mixtures of spinel and silicates. Due to the economic potential of Pb, Zn, and Ag extraction, the first stage of reutilization will be to transform metal concentrates into their collective concentrate, from which the maximum amount of these crucial components can be extracted. This procedure will include combination of gravity concentration and separation techniques. The next step is to assess the Pb–Zn slag’s potential applications in civil engineering, based on its mineralogical and physico-mechanical properties. Alumino-silicates present in Pb–Zn slag, which contain high concentrations of SiO2, Al2O3, CaO, and Fe2O3, are suitable for use in cementitious building composites. The goal of this research is to suggest a solution by which to close the circle of slag’s reutilization in terms of zero waste principles. It is therefore critical to thoroughly investigate the material, the established methods and preparation processes, and the ways of concentrating useful components into commercial products.

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Solidification and stabilization of Pb–Zn mine tailing with municipal solid waste incineration fly ash and ground granulated blast-furnace slag for unfired brick fabrication

Cited by 16 publications

References 37 publications

Experimental Investigation on Hydrophobic Alteration of Mining Solid Waste Backfill Material

Experimental Investigation on Hydrophobic Alteration of Mining Solid Waste Backfill Material

Fabrication of Lead–Zinc Tailings Sintered Brick and Its Effect Factors Based on an Orthogonal Experiment

Reapplication Potential of Historic Pb–Zn Slag with Regard to Zero Waste Principles

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