Solid‐State High‐Throughput Screening for Color Tuning of Electrochromic Polymers

Abstract

Diffusion of two monomers and their oxidative copolymerization inside a solid-state gel electrolyte is utilized as a method to match the monomer feed ratio to a color resulting from a conjugated copolymer having a single absorption in the visible region. Here, a combination of two monomers is used to generate a solid-state electrochromic device of any color, except black and green, in the colored state with all other colors going to transmissive sky blue in the bleached state.

Enhanced black state induced by spatial silver nanoparticles in an electrochromic device

“…ECDs offer many advantages over conventional displays, including a low operating voltage (V OP ), memory effects, color variations and visibility in sunlight. [3][4][5][6][7] Therefore, ECDs are expected to achieve applications in information displays or in light-modulating devices such as smart windows, switchable mirrors, electronic papers and chemical sensors. [8][9][10][11][12] Conventional ECDs are composed of a non-metal (NM) EC material (for example, poly(ethylene oxide), poly(methyl methacrylate), polyvinylidene difluoride, WO 3 , MoO 3 , Ir(OH) 3 , NiO).…”

A review of organic electrochromic fabric devices

“…Oxidised states have varying transmissivity. References: purple , blue , green , yellow , orange , orange‐red , and red …”

“…For the remainder of this review, only papers with EFDs explicitly discussing EC properties will be considered, with special consideration given to the use of an EC material in addition to a CP. [45], yellow [41], orange [46], orange-red [47], and red [46] PET as the other (Figure 3) [70]. In this work, the EC materials, poly(thiophene-b-4-butyltriphenylamine) (PTBuTPA) and poly(3,6-dimethoxy-9,9-dihexylfluorene-b-4-butyltriphenylamine) (PFBuTPA) were spray coated onto ITO-coated plastic, and therefore were not impregnated into the actual fabric.…”

Diffuse color patterning using blended electrochromic polymers for proof‐of‐concept adaptive camouflage plaques

“…Subsequent exposure to UV light creates a solid electrolyte gel and the monomer(s) is polymerized with the application of a voltage across the ITO electrodes. The technique has been successfully used to create thin homopolymer electro‐active layers, but more interestingly it has also been used to color‐tune the layer by incorporating different ratios of the two monomers. Monomer diffusion through the electrolyte gel however takes several hours and the technique was only applied to relatively small substrates.…”