A review of organic electrochromic fabric devices

Kline, Whitney M.; Lorenzini, Robert G.; Sotzing, Gregory A.

doi:10.1111/cote.12079

Cited by 101 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…Compounds that undergo a color change upon a specific stimulus are used in electronic applications such as electrochromic switches . Assuming sufficient stability of both involved species and reversibility of their reduction/oxidation, the bis(phosphine sulfide)‐bridged viologen trans ‐ 7 has potential as an organic material for electrochromic devices.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Physical Properties of Strained Doubly Phosphorus‐Bridged Biaryls and Viologens

Greulich

Yamaguchi

Doerenkamp

et al. 2017

Chemistry A European J

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New P/N-containing π-electron systems comprising fully planar biaryl arrays are synthesized by multiple radical phosphanylation. The biaryl moiety in these highly strained planar π-systems is rigidified by double P-bridging. The electronic properties of the core biaryl entity are varied by introducing N-donor substituents or by installing N-atoms within the π-system, thereby moving to the viologen core structure. The electrochemical and photophysical properties of these compounds are discussed and compared with those of related systems.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Physical Properties of Strained Doubly Phosphorus‐Bridged Biaryls and Viologens

Greulich

Yamaguchi

Doerenkamp

et al. 2017

Chemistry A European J

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“…An electrochromic device (ECD) employs an electroactive species that offers prominent color change when it undergoes an electron transfer or redox reaction . This optical absorption change is common to all viologens, in which three redox states exhibit different absorption spectra.…”

Section: Electrochromic Devices (Ecds)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Viologens and Their Application as Functional Materials

Striepe

Baumgartner

2017

Chemistry A European J

245

235

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Organic materials have recently gained considerable attention for electronic applications, improving performance and sustainability to current technologies. Commercialized metal-based systems are generally expensive, toxic and difficult to recycle, however organic materials offer promising solutions. Viologens, N,N' di-quaternized bipyridyl salts, are a well-studied species exhibiting three reversible redox states, possessing valuable electrochromic and electron-accepting properties. These properties can be fine-tuned through synthesis by altering the nitrogen substituents and various counteranions. Currently, viologens have become of great interest as functional materials in a wide array of applications; a few to name include electrochromic devices, molecular machines, and organic batteries. This review highlights representative recent work and advances towards utilizing viologens in practical applications that currently compete with metal-based technologies. Additionally, modified viologens that can be further fine-tuned will be discussed.

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“…Conjugated polymers are one of the main classes of materials that exhibit EC properties as thin films. [3,6,11,[18][19][20][21][22][23] A drawback of most ECPs is the lack of a highly transmissive and fully colorless bleached state. ECPs, therefore, are a large-scale and low-cost solution for ECDs since they can be coated on flexible plastic substrates by means of wet chemical approaches.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

New Roll‐to‐Roll Processable PEDOT‐Based Polymer with Colorless Bleached State for Flexible Electrochromic Devices

Macher

Schott

Sassi

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

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Conjugated electrochromic (EC) polymers for flexible EC devices (ECDs) generally lack a fully colorless bleached state. A strategy to overcome this drawback is the implementation of a new sidechain-modified poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) derivative that can be deposited in thin-film form in a customized high-throughput and large-area roll-to-roll polymerization process. The sidechain modification provides enhanced EC properties interms of visible light transmittance change, Δτ v = 59% (ΔL* = 54.1), contrast ratio (CR = 15.8), coloration efficiency (η = 530 cm² C −1 ), and color neutrality (L* = 83.8, a* = −4.3, b* = −4.1) in the bleached state. The intense bluecolored polymer thin films exhibit high cycle stability (10 000 cycles) and fast response times. The design, synthesis, and polymerization of the modified 3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene derivative are discussed along with a detailed optical, electrochemical, and spectroelectrochemical characterization of the resulting EC thin films. Finally, a flexible see-through ECD with a visible light transmittance change of Δτ v = 47% (ΔL* = 51.9) and a neutral-colored bleached state is developed.

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A review of organic electrochromic fabric devices

Cited by 101 publications

References 87 publications

Synthesis and Physical Properties of Strained Doubly Phosphorus‐Bridged Biaryls and Viologens

Synthesis and Physical Properties of Strained Doubly Phosphorus‐Bridged Biaryls and Viologens

Viologens and Their Application as Functional Materials

New Roll‐to‐Roll Processable PEDOT‐Based Polymer with Colorless Bleached State for Flexible Electrochromic Devices

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