Solid‐state grafting of succinic anhydride onto poly(vinyl alcohol)

Abstract

The graft reaction of succinic anhydride onto poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) was catalyzed by p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate in solid state. The infrared spectra and 1 H-NMR spectra confirmed that succinic anhydride was successfully grafted onto PVA backbone. The influences of reaction temperature, reaction time, the amount of succinic anhydride, and the amount of catalyst on the graft reaction were studied. Uncrosslinked PVA graft copolymer with grafting degree up to about 6.5% could be obtained under low reaction temperature, short reaction time, and low amount of catalyst, whereas crosslinked PVA with high gel content could be obtained under high reaction temperature, long reaction time, and high amount of catalyst.

Solid state grafting copolymerization of acrylamide onto poly(vinyl alcohol) initiated by redox system

“…The solid state modification method used in the article is for a chemical conversion or reaction of a polymer in the forms of film, granules, particles, or powders, which is characterized by a host polymer in solid state as a feature. In the process, a reactive guest reagent is sometimes carried by water or organic solvents to contact and react molecularly with the host polymer.…”

“…These processes usually consume a large amount of water and energy. Fortunately, a known solid state reaction has been developed for a few post‐modification processes of PVA, which is a useful technique for designing materials with a wide variety of properties . The advantages of the solid state modification include a short process and inexpensive equipment, implying to be economic, effective, energy‐saving, and easy to operate.…”

Properties and pervaporation performance of poly(vinyl alcohol) membranes crosslinked with various dianhydrides

“…Among them, carboxylic acids and their analogs have drawn great attention in the past decades as PVA crosslinkers, which can be realized via an esterification reaction. In general, crosslinkers can be divided into carboxylic acids (including di‐, tri‐, and polycarboxylic acids), anhydrides (including monoanhydride and dianhydride), and acid chlorides . To the best of our knowledge, there are only a few studies on PVA crosslinked with dianhydrides.…”

Core–shell PVA/gelatin nanofibrous scaffolds using co‐solvent, aqueous electrospinning: Toward a green approach

“…TEM images in Figure of two different fibers of core–shell structure reflect the general morphological characteristics. To obtain TEM micrograph, potassium permanganate was used to enhance contrast by benefiting from the different affinities of gelatin and PVA on metals …”