Solid lipid nanoparticle loaded with paromomycin: in vivo efficacy against Leishmania tropica infection in BALB/c mice model

Heidari‐Kharaji, Maryam; Taheri, Tahereh; Doroud, Delaram; Habibzadeh, Sima; Rafati, Sima

doi:10.1007/s00253-016-7422-y

Cited by 38 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…However, nanoparticles may be harmful to health for 2 major reasons; first, they diffuse quickly from biological membranes, and second, their toxicity is still not fully understood because of novelty. On the other hand, toxicity of nanoparticles depends on their concentration, shape, and diameter (21)(22)(23)(24). Accordingly, more research should be conducted on nanoparticles and their effects on organs and blood factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Combined Effects of Nano-Zinc, Nano-Albumin and Honey in Healing Wounds Caused by Third-Degree Burn in Male Mice

et al. 2016

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Background: There is extensive evidence on the healing properties of honey. Therefore, in this study the effect of nano zinc and nano-albumin combination in topical treatment of third-degree burn was evaluated. Methods: In this experimental study, 16 adult male mice were randomly divided to experimental group 1 (treated with honey and nano-zinc), experimental group 2 (treated with nano-albumin and honey), experimental group 3 (treated with honey, nano-albumin, and nano-zinc), and group 4 (no treatment). Under sterile conditions and using general anesthesia, third-degree burns on the back of each mouse was created. Topical burn treatment was performed once a day for 6 weeks, and after the end of treatment, the mice were scarified by anesthesia and then a sample of wound bed of mice was prepared and fixed in formalin. A histological process was performed on the samples. The specimens were stained with H and E staining and microscopic observations were made. Results: At the macroscopic level, after the treatment of burn wounds, shrinkage of burn wound and scar reduction was observed in honey and nano-zinc treated group compared to the control and other treated groups. Histological studies showed a significant increase in total thickness of dermal and epidermal layers of skin in this experimental group compared to other groups (P < 0.05). Discussion: The results showed that the combination of organic honey and nano-zinc could accelerate the healing of burn wounds in mice, while adding nano-albumin to the mixture had opposite effects and could delay wound healing.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Combined Effects of Nano-Zinc, Nano-Albumin and Honey in Healing Wounds Caused by Third-Degree Burn in Male Mice

et al. 2016

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“…Therefore, we theorized that the observed efficacy of mTOR inhibitors, at indicated doses was owed to their immunomodulatory properties. To address this possibility, we quantified IFN-γ and IL-4 levels in splenocyte cultures in search of a potential Th1 bias [51,52]. As hypothesized, a higher IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio was found, suggesting that treatment with mTOR inhibitors “primes” the immune cells for a protective Th1-skewed response in rapamycin and GSK-2126458 treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic control of leishmaniasis by inhibitors of the mammalian target of rapamycin

et al. 2018

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Leishmaniasis is a serious global health problem affecting many people worldwide. While patients with leishmaniasis can be treated with several agents, drug toxicicty and the emergence of resistant strains render available treatments ineffective in the long run. Inhibitors of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) have been demonstrated to exert anti-pathogen properties. In this study, we tested the therapeutic efficacy of several mTOR inhibitors in controlling infection with Leishmania major. Rapamycin, GSK-2126458 and KU-0063794 were administered to BALB/c mice, which had received an intrafootpad injection of the parasite. Footpad swelling and parasite burden were assessed, and cytokine production by mouse splenocytes and phenotypic changes in draining lymph node cells were evaluated. Treatment with a clinically relevant dose of rapamycin or with GSK-2126458, but not with KU-0063794, dramatically lowered both the footpad swelling and the parasite load in the draining lymph node. Importantly, the employed dose of rapamycin did not kill the promastigotes in vitro as judged by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays and electron microscopy. Moreover, the IL-4 production capacity of splenocytes harvested from infected mice that were treated with rapamycin was significantly reduced. Consequently, the IFN-γ:IL-4 production ratio was elevated, suggesting a T helper-type 1 (Th1)-skewed cytokine profile. Finally, the expression level of CD69, an early activation marker, on splenic and lymph node CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was enhanced in rapamycin-treated mice. Taken together, our findings suggest that select mTOR inhibitors may be used in therapeutic settings for the management of leishmaniasis. We propose that the beneficial effects of such inhibitors stem from their immunomodulatory properties. Therefore, the adjuvanticity of mTOR inhibitors may also be considered in vaccination strategies against Leishmania species.

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“…Leishmaniasis is endemic in 98 countries and 350 million people are at the risk of infection. Leishmanicidals have to be controlled at low doses because frequently used drugs have severe side effects, and therefore drug resistance could appear rapidly (1)(2)(3)(4). About 90% of the CL occur in 8 countries, including Iran, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Afghanistan, Algeria, Syria, Brazil, and Peru (2,5,6).…”

Section: Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbal Drugs with Promising Anti-Leishmanial Activity: New Hope for Leishmaniasis Treatment

et al. 2016

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Context: Leishmaniasis is one of the most common parasitic diseases. Many medicinal plants have been utilized for the treatment of leishmaniasis. Evidence Acquisition: Recent clinical trials have proven the efficacy of a number of herbal drugs. Synthetic agents and current drugs on the market have some disadvantages, such as side effects, high cost, and painful injections. Given the efficiency of herbal drugs, they can be a source of natural and harmless compounds for Leishmania treatment. Results: Several researches have shown a wide range of plant extract exhibiting remarkable anti-leishmanial activity in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions: Attempts for discovery of an effective strategy for leishmaniasis treatment with nominal side effects are being continued and herbal drugs are receiving much interest. More clinical studies should be done to investigate the efficacy and safety of herbal drugs for the production of effective and safe drugs for leishmaniasis treatment. This may also provide new hope for leishmaniasis treatment.

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Solid lipid nanoparticle loaded with paromomycin: in vivo efficacy against Leishmania tropica infection in BALB/c mice model

Cited by 38 publications

References 45 publications

The Combined Effects of Nano-Zinc, Nano-Albumin and Honey in Healing Wounds Caused by Third-Degree Burn in Male Mice

The Combined Effects of Nano-Zinc, Nano-Albumin and Honey in Healing Wounds Caused by Third-Degree Burn in Male Mice

Therapeutic control of leishmaniasis by inhibitors of the mammalian target of rapamycin

Herbal Drugs with Promising Anti-Leishmanial Activity: New Hope for Leishmaniasis Treatment

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