Solid catalysts obtained from wastes for FAME production using mixtures of refined palm oil and waste cooking oils

Vargas, Edgar Mauricio; Neves, Márcia C.; Tarelho, L.A.C.; Nunes, Maria Isabel

doi:10.1016/j.renene.2019.01.048

Cited by 34 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Tran et al [27] compared the chemical composition and physicochemical properties of both the WCO and the FAME derived from it and confirmed the viability of WPO for biodiesel production with 89.6 % yield. Similarly, Vargas et al [28], Thushari and Babel [29], and Harahap et al [30] confirmed that WPO is a readily available and cost-effective feedstock for biodiesel production with appreciable production and conversion efficiency. Ullah et al [31] determined and compared the physiochemical properties of unused palm oil, used palm oil and waste palm cooking oil biodiesel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Effect of usage on the fatty acid composition and properties of neat palm oil, waste palm oil, and waste palm oil methyl ester

Awogbemi

Freddie

Idoko

2020

IJET

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The need to find an environmentally friendly, renewable, and biodegradable fuel to reduce the growing dependence on fossil fuels and its attendant performance and emission inadequacies has increased research in biodiesel. Due to its low cost, availability, and a veritable means of waste disposal, waste vegetable oil from restaurants, waste fats from slaughterhouses, grease from wastewater treatment plants has gained prominence as biodiesel feedstock. This present effort compares the properties and fatty acid (FA) composition of neat palm oil (NPO), waste palm oil (WPO), and waste palm oil methyl ester (WPOME). WPO used to fry fish and chips (WPOFC), and waste palm oil used to fry sausage and chips (WPOSC) were collected at the point of disposal. The WPOFC and WPOSC were converted to WPOMEFC and WPOMESC, respectively, by transesterification and subjected to property determination and gas chromatography-mass spectrometer analysis. The characterization showed that the ratio of saturated FA to unsaturated FA changed from 19.64 %:80.36 % for NPO, to 37.67 %:62.33 % for WPOFC, 54.75 %:45.25 % for WPOSC, 30.43 %:69.58 % for WPOMEFC and 16.2 %:83.8 % for WPOMESC. These outcomes can be attributed to the effect of repeated heating and cooling during frying, contamination from moisture, food fried, and the transesterification reaction.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Effect of usage on the fatty acid composition and properties of neat palm oil, waste palm oil, and waste palm oil methyl ester

Awogbemi

Freddie

Idoko

2020

IJET

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“…Apart from high-temperature calcination, sulfonation of dolomite rock would also increase its surface area and pore volume. This procedure would, however, reduce the diameter of the pore which could limit the molecular diffusion of long chain fatty acids as reported by Vargas et al (2019).…”

Section: Lapindo Mudmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmentally benign solid catalysts for sustainable biodiesel production: A critical review

Alagumalai¹,

Mahian

Hollmann

et al. 2021

Science of The Total Environment

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“…Biodiesel conversion refers to the biodiesel collected after transesterification process [39]. However, biodiesel conversion cannot represent the true result because the biodiesel collected might consist of impurities such as micro water droplets, glycerol droplets, unreacted TG and methanol droplets [32,40,41]. After the transesterification process, the biodiesel sample must be washed with hot water several times before determining the ester content [18,42,43].…”

Section: Biodiesel Analysis For Transesterification Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transesterification of Waste Cooking Oil Utilizing Heterogeneous K2CO3/Al2O3 and KOH/Al2O3 Catalysts

2021

MJCHEM

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Biodiesel production from waste oil is preferable these days as the amount of fossil fuel available for diesel production is decreasing year by year. In this study, the transesterification of waste cooking oil was performed, producing simple alkyl esters from the chemical reaction of triglycerides and methanol, supported by a heterogeneous catalyst to speed up the reaction. Potassium carbonate (K2CO3) and potassium hydroxide (KOH) catalysts loaded at concentrations of 10% and 30% on an aluminium oxide (Al2O3) support were prepared by the incipient wetness impregnation (IWI) method. The feedstock used was waste cooking oil (WCO) collected from households, with a free fatty acid (FFA) value of 1.05 and a moisture content of less than 0.015%. The catalysts were extensively investigated using Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-Ray Diffraction Spectroscopy (XRD) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, while the ester content of the biodiesel produced was characterised using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS). The operating conditions for the transesterification reaction included an oil to methanol ratio of 1:12, catalyst loading of 5 wt%, and reaction temperature of 65 o C. It was found that 10 wt% K2CO3/Al2O3 was the best catalyst, yielding 9.86g (98.6%) of biodiesel, with a conversion of 81.92% of ester content that made the total biodiesel yield equal to 8.75g (87.57%). These catalysts showed promising results in converting the triglycerides in waste oil to fatty acid methyl esters (FAME).

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Solid catalysts obtained from wastes for FAME production using mixtures of refined palm oil and waste cooking oils

Cited by 34 publications

References 47 publications

Effect of usage on the fatty acid composition and properties of neat palm oil, waste palm oil, and waste palm oil methyl ester

Effect of usage on the fatty acid composition and properties of neat palm oil, waste palm oil, and waste palm oil methyl ester

Environmentally benign solid catalysts for sustainable biodiesel production: A critical review

Transesterification of Waste Cooking Oil Utilizing Heterogeneous K2CO3/Al2O3 and KOH/Al2O3 Catalysts

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