Solar thermal OTV—Applications to reusable and expendable launch vehicles

Kassler, Thomas L.; Frye, Patrick; Partch, Russ

doi:10.1016/s0094-5765(00)00061-8

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The first concern is to use high-performance wavelength-selective solar heat collectors [276,277] and to apply solar concentrators. Concentrated STEGs (Figure 11c) [266,279,284] have the advantages of efficiently conducting solar irradiation to the devices from a large area by concentrating and tracking the solar light and providing an extraordinarily high temperature difference across the hot and cold sides, [276,[284][285][286][287] which can boost the efficiency of STEGs. The second concern is to guide the design of STEGs using computer simulation and modeling [288,289] and increase the ZT values of TE materials.…”

Section: Wwwadvancedsciencenewscommentioning

confidence: 99%

High Performance Thermoelectric Materials: Progress and Their Applications

Yang

Chen

Dargusch

et al. 2017

Advanced Energy Materials

629

434

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Thermoelectric (TE) materials have the capability of converting heat into electricity, which can improve fuel efficiency, as well as providing robust alternative energy supply in multiple applications by collecting wasted heat, and therefore, assisting in finding new energy solutions. In order to construct high performance TE devices, superior TE materials have to be targeted via various strategies. The development of high performance TE devices can broaden the market of TE application and eventually boost the enthusiasm of TE material research. This review focuses on major novel strategies to achieve high‐performance TE materials and their applications. Manipulating the carrier concentration and band structures of materials are effective in optimizing the electrical transport properties, while nanostructure engineering and defect engineering can greatly reduce the thermal conductivity approaching the amorphous limit. Currently, TE devices are utilized to generate power in remote missions, solar–thermal systems, implantable or/wearable devices, the automotive industry, and many other fields; they are also serving as temperature sensors and controllers or even gas sensors. The future tendency is to synergistically optimize and integrate all the effective factors to further improve the TE performance, so that highly efficient TE materials and devices can be more beneficial to daily lives.

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Section: Wwwadvancedsciencenewscommentioning

confidence: 99%

High Performance Thermoelectric Materials: Progress and Their Applications

Yang

Chen

Dargusch

et al. 2017

Advanced Energy Materials

629

434

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Its advantages include reduced battery weight and volume which permits greater payloads and greater cell voltage which permits use of fewer cells and results in reduced battery system complexity. Alkali Metal Thermoelectric Converter (AMTEC) power converters can be used to generate 20 kW to 100 kW of electricity [35].…”

Section: Wingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reusable Launch Vehicles: Evolution Redefined

Bhavana¹

2013

J Aeronaut Aerospace Eng

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Conserve, Reuse, Reproduce these are the words using which the present day society is trying to make an impact in reducing the excessive usage of the depleting resources and decreasing time as well as in bringing down the cost and in increasing the efficiency of the products. One of the technology's biggest inventions rather innovation at work is the development of The Reusable Launch Vehicle, in short known as the RLV. Reusability is the main criteria behind this vehicle. The vehicle will return back to earth after its task is completed, and is used for further missions. This invention mainly reduces the cost, time and the specified targets can be achieved with the use of fewer resources. The idea of RLV made its foundation in the minds of the scientists in the 1950's but bringing that idea into a real launch vehicle took many years as this idea was beyond the hands of the technology of that time. As the technology developed the path for the successful making of this launch vehicle was getting cleared. There were many factors that were to be considered like the low weight structure, heat shield, the propellants needed to be used, the engines etc. but the main aim was to bring out the concept behind its working and building a proper design which are discussed in this paper. With the ever-growing technology RLV's with improved mechanisms like SSTO, TSTO were developed which are also mentioned below. In near future these RLV's would completely bridge the gap between the earth and the sky.

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“…The scientifi c payload mass could be raised using solar thermal propulsion, although the size of the launcher and hence mission cost are considerably reduced [7,8]. The scientifi c payload mass could be raised using solar thermal propulsion, although the size of the launcher and hence mission cost are considerably reduced [7,8].…”

Section: B Interplanetary Spacecraftmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar Thermal Propulsion for Upper Stages

2008

Advanced Propulsion Systems and Technologies, Today to 2020

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Nomenclature D = drag, N g = gravitational acceleration, m/s 2 M = Machnumber m = mass, kg m = mass fl ow, kg/s n x = axial load factor n z = normal load factor P = total pressure, Pa Q = heat fl ux, W/m 2 T = thrust, N v = velocity, m/s W = weight, N α = angle of attack γ = fl ight-path angle ε = expansion ratio Π = pressure ratio P i /P i−1 ρ = density, kg/m 3 Acronyms AOA = angle of attack COTS = commercial off the shelf ESC-B = Etage Supérieur Cryotechnique (of Ariane 5) * Head DLR Space Launcher System Analysis Division SART. † FLPP Launch Systems Manager ESA.

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Solar thermal OTV—Applications to reusable and expendable launch vehicles

Cited by 18 publications

References 10 publications

High Performance Thermoelectric Materials: Progress and Their Applications

High Performance Thermoelectric Materials: Progress and Their Applications

Reusable Launch Vehicles: Evolution Redefined

Solar Thermal Propulsion for Upper Stages

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