Solar energy development in China—A review

Liu, Liqun; Wang, Zhixin; Zhang, Huaqiang; Xue, Yusheng

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2009.08.005

Cited by 197 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…China's PV industry has moved from component supply to production of complete panels and has become the world's largest producer of solar PV cells (Liu et al, 2009;Fischer, 2012;Kirkegaard et al, 2010). With a 98% export share, foreign markets drive Chinese companies and the success is one of export-oriented technological upgrading (Fu and Zhang, 2011).…”

Section: The Solar Pv Sectormentioning

confidence: 99%

Technology Transfer? The Rise of China and India in Green Technology Sectors

Lema

2012

SSRN Journal

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International technology transfer is central to the debate about how to curb the carbon emissions from rapid economic growth in China and India. But given China and India's great progress in building innovation capabilities and green industries, how relevant is technology transfer for these countries? This paper seeks insights from three green technology sectors in both countries: wind power, solar energy and electric and hybrid vehicles. We find that conventional technology transfer mechanisms such as foreign direct investments and licensing were important for industry formation and take-off. However, as these sectors are catching up, new 'unconventional transfer mechanisms' such as R&D partnerships and acquisition of foreign firms have become increasingly important. We argue that there is limited practical and analytical mileage left in the conventional approach to technology transfer in these sectors in China and India. We argue that the emphasis should shift from transfer of mitigation technology to international collaboration and local innovation.

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Section: The Solar Pv Sectormentioning

confidence: 99%

Technology Transfer? The Rise of China and India in Green Technology Sectors

Lema

2012

SSRN Journal

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“…Solar energy deserves attention because of its clean, non-polluting, and sustainable use, and other advantages [2]. It is an ideal energy that fundamentally solves the energy crisis and environmental problems [3]. Solar radiation varies with geographic latitude, season and time of a day due to the various solar positions [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Tilt Angle and Orientation of Photovoltaic Modules Using HS Algorithm in Different Climates of China

Mian

Zang

Gao³

et al. 2017

Applied Sciences

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Solar energy technologies play an important role in shaping a sustainable energy future, and generating clean, renewable, and widely distributed energy sources. This paper determines the optimum tilt angle and optimum azimuth angle of photovoltaic (PV) panels, employing the harmony search (HS) meta-heuristic algorithm. In this study, the ergodic method is first conducted to obtain the optimum tilt angle and the optimum azimuth angle in several cities of China based on the model of Julian dating. Next, the HS algorithm is applied to search for the optimum solution. The purpose of this research is to maximize the extraterrestrial radiation on the collector surface for a specific period. The sun's position is predicted by the proposed model at different times, and then solar radiation is obtained on various inclined planes with different orientations in each city. The performance of the HS method is compared with that of the ergodic method and other optimization algorithms. The results demonstrate that the tilt angle should be changed once a month, and the best orientation is usually due south in the selected cities. In addition, the HS algorithm is a practical and reliable alternative for estimating the optimum tilt angle and optimum azimuth angle of PV panels.

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“…• East longitude with a population of about 1.3 billion [1,2]. China, as the largest developing country, is the second largest country in energy consumption [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Modified Method to Generate Typical Meteorological Years from the Long-Term Weather Database

Zang¹,

Xu²,

Du³

et al. 2016

Meteorology and Energy Security

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A modified typical meteorological year (TMY) method is proposed for generating TMY from practical measured weather data. A total of eleven weather indices and novel assigned weighting factors are applied in the processing of forming the TMY database. TMYs of 35 cities in China are generated based on the latest and accurate measured weather data (dry bulb temperature, relative humidity, wind velocity, atmospheric pressure, and daily global solar radiation) in the period of 1994-2010. The TMY data and typical solar radiation data are also investigated and analyzed in this paper, which are important in the utilizations of solar energy systems.

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Solar energy development in China—A review

Cited by 197 publications

References 16 publications

Technology Transfer? The Rise of China and India in Green Technology Sectors

Technology Transfer? The Rise of China and India in Green Technology Sectors

Optimal Tilt Angle and Orientation of Photovoltaic Modules Using HS Algorithm in Different Climates of China

A Modified Method to Generate Typical Meteorological Years from the Long-Term Weather Database

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