Solar damage in intertidal corals

Brown, Bradford E.; Dunne, R. P.; Scoffin, Terence P.; Tissier, Martin Le

doi:10.3354/meps105219

Cited by 124 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…There is also a seasonal component to sub-aerial exposure with total exposure time greatest on afternoon tides in FebruaryApril and on early morning tides in January-February. This seasonal component is in part the result of the timing of the tide and in part due to the marked seasonal depression by up to 20 cm of the mean sea level at this time of year (see Brown et al 1994).…”

Section: Tidal Heightmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, we investigated changes in the microbiome of the intertidal coral Coelastrea aspera over the course of a tidal cycle at a site in Thailand where the tidal range is large (*3 m at springs) and where early afternoon aerial exposure can lead to major solar stresses on the western sides of colonies that face toward the sun (Brown et al 1994). Such exposure causes severe oxidative damage within coral tissues during extreme low tides (Brown et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evidence for rapid, tide-related shifts in the microbiome of the coral Coelastrea aspera

et al. 2017

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Shifts in the microbiome of the intertidal coral Coelastrea aspera (formally known as Goniastrea aspera) from Phuket, Thailand, were noted over the course of a 4-d period of spring tides. During this time, corals were naturally exposed to high temperatures, intense solar radiation, sub-aerial exposure and tidally induced water fluxes. Analysis of the 16S microbiome highlighted that the corals harbored both 'core or stable' communities and those which appeared to be more 'transient or sporadic.' Only relatively few microbial associates were classified as core microbes; the majority were transient or sporadic. Such transient associates were likely to have been governed by tidally induced variations in mucus thickness and water fluxes. Here we report strong shifts in the bacterial community of C. aspera over a short temporal scale. However, we also show significant differences in the timing of shifts between the two age groups of corals studied. More rapid changes (within 2 d of sub-aerial exposure) occurred within the 4-yr-old colonies, but a slightly delayed response was observed in the 10-yr-old colonies, whereby the microbial associates only changed after 4 d. We hypothesize that these shifts are age related and could be influenced by the observed baseline differences in the microbiome of the 4-and 10-yr-old corals, bacteria-bacteria interactions, and/or host energetics.

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Section: Tidal Heightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for rapid, tide-related shifts in the microbiome of the coral Coelastrea aspera

et al. 2017

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“…This condition reduces reproductive output, skeletal growth, calcification rates, and nutrition (Porter et al 1989, Brown 1997a, and therefore is a sign of disease. Bleaching is most often correlated with elevated seawater temperature, but may be associated with salinity extremes (Coles & Jokiel 1992), light irradiance extremes (Brown et al 1994, Brown 1997b, Shick et al 1996, and pollutants (Peters et al 1981, Harland & Brown 1989). Bleaching may result in coral mortality, but most often the coral regains its algal symbionts, resulting in full recovery (Fitt et al 1993).…”

Section: Vibrio-induced Bleachingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disease and immunity in Caribbean and Indo-Pacific zooxanthellate corals

Sutherland¹,

Porter²,

Torres³

2004

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

490

509

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Since the mid-1990s, coral diseases have increased in number, species affected, and geographic extent. To date, 18 coral diseases, affecting at least 150 scleractinian, gorgonian, and hydrozoan zooxanthellate species, have been described from the Caribbean and the Indo-Pacific. These diseases are associated with pathogens including bacteria, cyanobacteria, fungi, and protists and with abiotic stressors including elevated seawater temperature, sedimentation, eutrophication, and pollution. Etiologies of only 5 of the 18 coral diseases have been determined through fulfillment of Koch's postulates. Corals and other invertebrates utilize innate immune mechanisms including physiochemical barriers and cellular and humoral defenses against pathogens. Here we review the described coral diseases, known etiologies, and efforts to determine unknown etiologies. We define disease terms, discuss the limitations of Koch's postulates, describe alternative techniques for identifying disease-causing organisms, and review coral immunology.

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“…(Loya et al 2001;van Woesik 2001) or (iii) did the regions, which support similar coral communities, adjust differently to thermal stress because of recent and/or historical circumstances? (Glynn et al 2001;Brown et al 2002;Berkelmans & van Oppen 2006;Baird et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…coral and symbiont) mortality selected for more tolerant coral individuals, and sensitive individuals were not able to re-populate reefs dominated by high-frequency variability during the intermittent years. Some physiological results to-date only indicate acclimatory potential over weeks to months (Brown et al 2002), yet Maynard et al (2008) suggest that longerterm acclimatory influences are also possible. Surveys of several reefs in the central Great Barrier Reef during two similar thermal stress events in 1998 and 2002, sampled during the peak bleaching period, demonstrated that corals in the genera Pocillopora and Acropora showed greater thermal tolerance in 2002.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Corals escape bleaching in regions that recently and historically experienced frequent thermal stress

2009

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The response of coral-reef ecosystems to contemporary thermal stress may be in part a consequence of recent or historical sea-surface temperature (SST) variability. To test this hypothesis, we examined whether: (i) there was a relationship between the historical frequency of SST variability and stress experienced during the most recent thermal-stress events (in 1998 and 2005 -2006) and (ii) coral reefs that historically experienced frequent thermal anomalies were less likely to experience coral bleaching during these recent thermal-stress events. Examination of nine detrended coral d 18O and Sr/Ca anomaly records revealed a high-(5.7-year) and low-frequency (.54-year) mode of SST variability. There was a positive relationship between the historical frequency of SST anomalies and recent thermal stress; sites historically dominated by the high-frequency mode experienced greater thermal stress than other sites during both events, and showed extensive coral bleaching in 1998. Nonetheless, in 2005Nonetheless, in -2006, corals at sites dominated by high-frequency variability showed reduced bleaching, despite experiencing high thermal stress. This bleaching resistance was most likely a consequence of rapid directional selection that followed the extreme thermal event of 1998. However, the benefits of regional resistance could come at the considerable cost of shifts in coral species composition.

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Solar damage in intertidal corals

Cited by 124 publications

References 18 publications

Evidence for rapid, tide-related shifts in the microbiome of the coral Coelastrea aspera

Evidence for rapid, tide-related shifts in the microbiome of the coral Coelastrea aspera

Disease and immunity in Caribbean and Indo-Pacific zooxanthellate corals

Corals escape bleaching in regions that recently and historically experienced frequent thermal stress

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