Sol-gel synthesis of Li3VO4/C composites as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries

Abstract

Li 3 VO 4 /C composites have been synthesized by a sol-gel method and postannealing at 650 ºC for 1 h in N 2 flow using either tartaric acid, malic acid, or glucose as both chelating agents and carbon source. The presence of these organic additives crucially affects morphology and crystallite size of the final product. It is found that the electrochemical properties of Li 3 VO 4 /C as anode material for Li-ion batteries (LIBs) are influenced by the morphology, texture and carbon content of the material. When using carboxylic acids as carbon source composites with mesoporous structure and a high surface area are obtained that display an enhanced electrochemical activity. Initially, reversible capacity of about 400 mAh g-1 is obtained. In contrast, Li 3 VO 4 /C synthesized with glucose outperforms in terms of cycling stability. It exhibits a discharge capacity of 299 mAh g-1 after 100 cycles corresponding to an excellent capacity retention of 96 %. The favorable effect of carbon composites on the electrochemical performance of Li 3 VO 4 is shown.

A Polysulfides‐Confined All‐in‐One Porous Microcapsule Lithium–Sulfur Battery Cathode

“…It is attributed to the carbonized shell in the microcapsule with a high degree of graphitization, which would also improve the electron transfer. [37] In Figure S11a of the Supporting Information, the X-ray photo electron spectroscopy (XPS) peaks of Sn, C, O, and S are observed. Figure S11b of the Supporting Information displays three peaks corresponding to CC (284.2 eV), COH (286.1 eV), and CO (288.5 eV).…”

Boosting Zinc Storage Performance of Li3VO4 Cathode Material for Aqueous Zinc Ion Batteries via Carbon‐Incorporation: A Study Combining Theory and Experiment

“…These can be ascribed to the intrinsic sp 2 hybridized C atoms arising from in-plane vibrations (known as the D-band) and to structural defects or disorder (referred to as the G-band), respectively. [45,46] The emergence of these peaks suggests the envelopment of the LiVO surface by a carbonaceous layer. The extent of structural defects within the synthesized samples can be gauged through the ratio of the intensities of the C D-band to the G-band (I D /I G ).…”

Review of low‐temperature lithium‐ion battery progress: New battery system design imperative

“…Carbonaceous materials (such as carbon nanotubes, graphene oxide, carbon nanofibers, graphene, porous carbon, 46 soft carbon (graphitizable carbons), and hard carbon) have been developed and doped to produce anode for excellent performance LIBs 47 because of their good electrical conductivity and, as a result, electrochemical characteristics by facilitating charge transport and providing structural buffer area to handle volume change. Therefore, carbonaceous doping alloy‐based materials are good candidates for low‐temperature LIB anodes, as well as other materials with maximum theoretical capacities 45 such as CeVO 4, 48 Co 0.85 Se, 49 MnO 2, 45 CuSi 2 P 3, 50 Fe 2 O 3, 51 Mn 3 O 4, 52 Cu 2 WS 4, 53 Cu 2 O, 54 Li 3 VO 4, 55 Co 3 O 4, 56 NiO nanocrystals, nano‐Mn 2 O 3 particles, 57 MoS 2, 58,59 and MoSe 2 37 and SiO 2 . After carbonaceous doping, the low‐temperature characteristics could increase, which could be due to a stable SEI sheet 64‐71 .…”