Soil, Water, and Nutrient Management Options for Climate Change Adaptation in Southern Africa

Kadyampakeni, Davie M.

doi:10.2134/agronj2013.0307

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…The increase in green manure legumes yield following basal fertilization suggest that soil supply of NPS was improved by the mineral fertilizer. Nitrogen and P are major limiting nutrients in Malawi (Kadyampakeni, 2014) as in other southern African countries (Kanonge et al , 2015) and previous studies have shown that P improves growth and N 2 fixation of legumes (Cassman et al , 1993; Whitbread et al , 2004). Soils in Malawi, as in other parts of southern Africa (Grant and Rowell, 1976), are low in S (Sakala and Mhango, 2003; Weil and Mughogho, 2000) and green manure legume yields could have increased in response to improved soil S supply.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lack of positive responses to inorganic fertilizer by some green manure legumes species such as cowpea have also been reported in another study conducted in southern Africa under conventional agriculture (Jeranyama et al , 2000). Soils with moderate to high initial NPK levels often give poor crop yield responses to inorganic fertilizer (Kadyampakeni, 2014) and lack of responses to fertilizer at DTC, UZ and Monze are possible as the soils at these sites are not highly degraded. Even maize grown in the green manure legumes phase at the three sites did not respond to basal fertilization at half and full rates, further highlighting the fact that soil supply of NPK was adequate for growth of the species tested in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fertilization Strategies in Conservation Agriculture Systems With Maize–legume Cover Crop Rotations in Southern Africa

Mupangwa¹,

Thierfelder²,

Ngwira³

2016

Ex. Agric.

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Multilocation experiments were established to determine the best strategy for using inorganic fertilizer in conservation agriculture (CA) systems that use green manure cover crops, namely sunhemp, velvet bean and cowpea grown in rotation with maize. The objectives of the study were to determine (i) the effect of half and full rates of basal fertilizer on maize and legume biomass yields, (ii) the residual effects of unfertilized, half and fully fertilized green manure legumes on maize grown after the legumes, and (iii) the residual effect of unfertilized, half and fully fertilized green manure legumes combined with basal and topdressing fertilizer on maize yields. Experimental design was a randomized complete block with basal fertilizer as a treatment in the green manure legumes phase. Previously, in the maize phase, green manure legume species were the main treatment with basal fertilizer as a subtreatment (sunhemp, velvet bean and cowpea: 0, 75, 150 kg ha −1 and 0, 50, 100 kg ha −1 , respectively). Nitrogen was applied in the maize phase at 0, 23, 46, 69 kg N ha −1 as a sub-subtreatment in Malawi. Results showed that inorganic fertilizer is the most effective when applied to the maize, not green manure legumes. Biomass of green manure legumes, sunnhemp 8084 kg ha −1 , velvet bean 7678 kg ha −1 and cowpea 4520 kg ha −1 , was not significantly affected by application of basal fertilizer. Maize production increased after the application of green manure legumes with maize-after-maize, maize-after-velvet bean, maize-after-sunnhemp and maize-after-cowpea, yielding 3804, 5440, 5446 and 5339 kg ha −1 , respectively. Nitrogen increased maize yield regardless of the previously used green manure legumes species. Our results suggest that farmers should apply fertilizer to maize and grow green manure legumes on residual soil in CA systems. Despite growing green manure legumes, smallholders should apply nitrogen topdressing to maize grown using the green manure legumes in some agro-ecologies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fertilization Strategies in Conservation Agriculture Systems With Maize–legume Cover Crop Rotations in Southern Africa

Mupangwa¹,

Thierfelder²,

Ngwira³

2016

Ex. Agric.

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“…Apart from individual shared elements that link up individual soil, food, and water systems (Figure 1), several studies have also examined this soil-food-water nexus in the context of sustainable development. For example, Love et al (2006) and Kadyampakeni (2014) argued that SDG 2 (food security) can be addressed through increased access to fertilizers, technology transfer and training, soil-water conservation methods, mixed livestock and arable agriculture, and farm diversification. It is notable that each of these proposed interventions involves corelationships between different elements of physical and human systems, and that these relationships are not straightforward or without impact.…”

Section: The Soil-food-water Nexusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Services: A New Approach Toward Addressing Sustainable Development Goals in Sub-Saharan Africa

Knight¹

2021

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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The physical environment provides resources and specific types of environmental services relevant to the maintenance of human livelihoods globally and with specific reference to sub-Saharan Africa, including soils, food, and water systems. Previous studies on the shared nexus of such resources commonly view these as self-contained systems operating independent of their physical contexts provided by landscape-scale geomorphology and its related processes. This study critically examines the viewpoints adopted by such nexus studies with specific reference to sub-Saharan Africa, arguing that these studies are reductive, considering only the shared disciplinary overlap (nexus) and not their wider contexts, and are based on only a limited understanding of the workings of physical systems. This study argues that considering the attributes of the physical landscape and its provision of environmental services provides a broader and scientifically-informed context for understanding of interlinked issues such as relationships between soil–food–water systems. Framing such “nexus” studies in this wider context can derive a better understanding of the connections between different elements such as soil, food, and water, amongst others, and with respect to the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals. The concept of environmental services is therefore a more powerful tool to examine both the connections between physical and human environmental processes and properties in sub-Saharan Africa, and to address overarching environmental issues such as land degradation, soil erosion loss, water scarcity, and impacts of climate change.

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“…Sustainable provision of food in SSA faces challenges of increasing population and changing climate. Agricultural soils are vulnerable to degradation because of rapid carbon turnover (3-5 times faster than temperate regions) and poor nutrient retention, so recycling of organic resources is essential to replenish carbon and plant nutrients [64,65,66] and avoid adverse impacts on yield, water storage and erosion resistance [67]. Inorganic fertiliser use is beyond the reach of many households [68].…”

Section: Impact On Food Provisionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable use of organic resources for bioenergy, food and water provision in rural Sub-Saharan Africa

Smith

Fischer

Hallett

et al. 2015

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

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reported the effect of exercise on pain in PD were identified, though pain was not the focus of the intervention in either trial. One reported a trend towards a reduction in pain, and the other reported a reduction in the presence and intensity of pain following exercise. However, these results do not indicate if exercise targets particular subtypes of pain. Conclusion(s):The neurophysiological effects of exercise such as neuroplasticity, neuro-restoration and activation of dopaminergic and non-dopaminergic pain inhibition provide a sound biological rationale for employing exercise in pain management. However, randomised controlled trials of exercise interventions for people with PD are required to determine if exercise results in a clinical reduction in pain in this population.Implications: Therapists should consider assessing people with PD for pain and monitoring any changes in pain in response to exercise interventions.

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Soil, Water, and Nutrient Management Options for Climate Change Adaptation in Southern Africa

Cited by 8 publications

References 96 publications

Fertilization Strategies in Conservation Agriculture Systems With Maize–legume Cover Crop Rotations in Southern Africa

Fertilization Strategies in Conservation Agriculture Systems With Maize–legume Cover Crop Rotations in Southern Africa

Environmental Services: A New Approach Toward Addressing Sustainable Development Goals in Sub-Saharan Africa

Sustainable use of organic resources for bioenergy, food and water provision in rural Sub-Saharan Africa

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