Soil Thin Section Fluorescence Microscopy

Altemüller, Hans-Jürgen; Vliët-Lanoé, Brigitte van

doi:10.1016/s0166-2481(08)70374-x

Cited by 32 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…This feature can be attributed to the presence of abundant fecal material, as observed in thin section. This consists of excrement fragments often containing calcareous fecal spherulites and rare phytoliths ( Figure 8a; see Canti, 1997) and of yellowish, optically isotropic aggregates that are autofluorescent under blue light (Figure 8b), indicating a phosphatic nature (see Altemüller & Van Vliet-Lanöe, 1990;Karkanas & Goldberg 2010). SEM/EDS analyses on some of these aggregates revealed a calcium phosphate composition, suggesting that they most likely represent carnivore/omnivore excrements (Macphail, 2000;Macphail & Goldberg, 2010).…”

Section: Profilementioning

confidence: 99%

Medieval Dark Earth in an Active Alluvial Setting from the Uffizi Gallery Complex in Florence, Italy

Nicosia¹,

Langohr

Mees

et al. 2012

Geoarchaeology

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Archaeological excavations at the Biblioteca Magliabechiana, which is part of the Uffizi gallery complex in Florence (Tuscany, central Italy), exposed Dark Earth deposits between alluvial sediments of the nearby Arno River. The term Dark Earth refers to thick, dark colored, and seemingly homogeneous deposits occurring in urban settings throughout Europe, broadly dated to the post- Roman period. The stratigraphic sequence of the Biblioteca Magliabechiana was investigated by integrating geomorphological, chronological, and archaeological information with micromorphological and soil analytical data. This combination of approaches resulted in the identification of an early phase of Dark Earth formation (7th century A.D.) during which the area was characterized by the accumulation of manure or night soil in wet peri-fluvial conditions. After a phase of abandonment, Dark Earth accretion resumed (10th to early 11th century A.D.), at this stage due primarily to the dumping of domestic waste. Subsequent progressive abandonment of the area was followed by the deposition of alluvium, probably during the major flood of November 4, 1177. The present study demonstrates that Dark Earth is the outcome of strong bioturbation and human reworking acting on anthropogenic deposits and possibly on alluvial sediments

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Section: Profilementioning

confidence: 99%

Medieval Dark Earth in an Active Alluvial Setting from the Uffizi Gallery Complex in Florence, Italy

Nicosia¹,

Langohr

Mees

et al. 2012

Geoarchaeology

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“…S4) [figure 3 in (10), figure IVa in (3)]. All carnivores and many omnivores, such as humans, produce calcium phosphate-rich coprolites (e.g., 18 to 34% Ca and 8 to 14% P) [appendix 1 in (9)], which in thin sections occur as yellowish isotropic domains that typically autofluoresce under blue light excitation (11). Although it is true that poor human diets can include large amounts of fiber (12), and large amounts of plant material such as seed remains have been found in the mummified intestines of mummies, this plant material may often still contain cellulose, which is birefringent under crossed polarized light.…”

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confidence: 99%

Comment on “DNA from Pre-Clovis Human Coprolites in Oregon, North America”

Goldberg

Berna

Macphail

2009

Science

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Gilbert et al . (Reports, 9 May 2008, p. 786) presented DNA analysis of coprolites recovered from an Oregon cave as evidence for a human presence in North America before the Clovis culture. Results of our micromorphological and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses of one of the reported coprolites are difficult to reconcile with the DNA results identifying the coprolite as human.

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“…Bone tissue is also known to be autofluorescent, as further confirmed by our observation of fluorescence emission peaking at 500 nm (using excitation at 430 nm) before laser treatment. Some authors have attributed the green autofluorescence of bone at ambient temperature to the mineral fraction—hydroxyapatite [34], while others have proposed that the organic fraction is responsible [35–37]. Interestingly, laser treatment of the bone induced an increase of fluorescence emission peaking at 580 nm in the area around the artificial lesions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photon emission and changes in fluorescent properties of bone after laser irradiation

Sandri

Basso

Corridori

et al. 2021

Journal of Biophotonics

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Laser scalpels used in medical surgery concentrate light energy, heating the tissues. Recently, we reported thermoluminescence emission from laser‐treated soft tissues. Here we investigated the thermo‐optical effects caused by a laser operating at 808 nm on animal bones (beef ribs) through luminescence and fluorescence imaging, thermal imaging and scanning electron microscopy. Laser‐induced artificial lesions emitted luminescence peaking around 650 nm, with a half‐life of almost 1 hour. As concerns fluorescence, 24 hours after laser treatment we observed an increase of the emission and a shift from 500 (untreated) to 580 nm (treated). Recrystallization observed by SEM indicates that the temperature in the artificial lesions is over 600°C. We can conclude that laser treatment induces specific luminescent and fluorescent emissions due to heating of the bone and modification of its components. Monitoring these emissions could help prevent tissue overheating and its potential damages during laser‐assisted medical procedures.

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Soil Thin Section Fluorescence Microscopy

Cited by 32 publications

References 8 publications

Medieval Dark Earth in an Active Alluvial Setting from the Uffizi Gallery Complex in Florence, Italy

Medieval Dark Earth in an Active Alluvial Setting from the Uffizi Gallery Complex in Florence, Italy

Comment on “DNA from Pre-Clovis Human Coprolites in Oregon, North America”

Photon emission and changes in fluorescent properties of bone after laser irradiation

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